Report of the first live birth after uterus transplantation in People's Republic of China.

OBJECTIVE: To present the first live birth after uterine transplantation (UTx) in the People's Republic of China.

DESIGN: Case study.

SETTING: University hospital.

PATIENT(S): A 22-year-old woman with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome and previous surgery for vaginal reconstruction and UTx.

INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial preparation, frozen embryo transfer, pregnancy follow-up, and cesarean section.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Results of in vitro fertilization, frozen embryo transfer, ultrasound measurements during pregnancy, rejection diagnosis and treatment, delivery, live birth, and histology of uterus.

RESULTS(S): Frozen embryo (cleavage stage) transfer started 1.5 years after UTx. The first embryo transfer (n = 2) resulted in a biochemical pregnancy. The second, third, and fourth embryo transfer (n = 2, 2, 3) did not result in pregnancy. The fifth embryo transfer (n = 3) resulted in pregnancy with two gestational sacs, but with spontaneous disappearance of one in early pregnancy. During early pregnancy three episodes of vaginal bleedings occurred (gestational weeks 6 + 2, 13 + 1, and 16 + 3), with a spontaneously resorbing subchorionic hematoma diagnosed at the last bleeding episode. Bleeding episodes were treated with corticosteroids and tacrolimus. During pregnancy, blood flow velocity waveforms and fetal growth parameters were normal. A subacute cesarean section was performed at gestational week 33 + 6 due to uterine contraction pattern suggesting imminent labor. A healthy boy (2,000 g) with Apgar scores of 10, 10, 10 was delivered. The uterus was kept for a possible second pregnancy.

CONCLUSION(S): The first live birth after UTx in the People's Republic of China is reported and this occurred after a robotic-assisted laparoscopic uterus retrieval from the mother.