Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Analysis of Bioprinting.

The rapid evolution of healthcare and technology has given rise to advancements in the fields of bioprinting, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. 3D bioprinting has emerged as an alternative to traditional practices by offering the potential to create functional tissues. Traditional tissue engineering has faced challenges due to irregular cell distribution on scaffolds, limited cell density, and the difficulty of manufacturing patient-specific tissues, which 3D bioprinting overcomes through layer-by-layer fabrication. This has immense significance for addressing organ shortages and enhancing transplant options for the future. 3D printing fully functional organs is a far-sighted dream; however, the field is moving in the right direction, and research is being done to shorten the gap between the dream and reality. Notably, bioprinting's precision and compatibility with complex geometries have fueled its demand for lab-grown tissue constructs. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), a cornerstone of engineering, finds relevance in diverse sectors, including bioengineering. Its cost-effectiveness and accurate simulation capabilities have drawn attention to its application in bioprinting research. CFD plays a pivotal role in optimizing 3D bioprinting by testing parameters like shear stress, diffusivity, and cell viability. This reduces the need for repetitive experiments, curbing costs and time. CFD simulations also enable the analysis of flow behaviors and material deformation under stress, aiding in material selection and bioprinter nozzle design. This review delves into recent applications of CFD in 3D bioprinting, shedding light on its potential to enhance the performance of this technology. Through this integration, CFD offers a pathway to advancing bioprinting, thus contributing to the evolution of regenerative medicine and healthcare. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.