[Tuberculous Pleurisy Diagnosed by Thoracoscopic Lung Biopsy].

A 44-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with pleural effusion and unknown fever. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was not detected by culture of pleural effusion and sputum and gastric fluid. Pleural fluid was serous and exudative, and cytological examination showed no malignant cells. Computed tomography revealed a little pleural thickening of the right middle lobe and massive pleural effusion. As acute pleurisy was suspected based on the findings of imaging studies, thoracoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. Many yellowish-white, small nodules were seen on the parietal pleura, and white small nodule were seen on the visceral pleura of the right middle lobe. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was not detected by culture and polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis( TB-PCR) of parietal pleura and pleural effusion, but was detected by only culture and TB-PCR of visceral pleura, yielding a diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. Her symptoms improved and the right pleural effusion decreased with isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EB) and pyrazinamide(PZA) treatment.