[Analysis of risk factors for perioperative myocardial infarct in aortocoronary bypass].

BACKGROUND: Perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) belongs to the main complications of revascularization surgery of the heart. Perioperative analysis of PIM risk factors can aid the cardiosurgeons, anestesiologists and cardiologists to stratify the group exposed to the risk of PIM origin and to prepare the most appropriate complex peroperative procedure for this group of patients.

AIM: The particular aim is to evaluate and analyze some PIM risk factors prior to and during surgery.

METHODS: The paper represents a retrospective study which analyzes two period (1984-1986 and 1992). The total number of patients in the investigated group is 277. The group afflicted with PIM is constituted of 29 patients. The following clinical, hemodynamic, angiographic risk factors are analyzed prior to surgery: age, sex, precedence of infarction of myocardium, arterial hypertension, instabile angina pectoris, end-diastolic pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction, affliction of the main trunk of the left coronary artery and some peroperattive factors (number of grafts, sequence bypass, endarterectomy, completion of revascularization, a. mammaria interna graft, duration of the artificial vascular circuit and clamping of the aorta).

RESULTS: Significant relation for the pIM origin was found in arterial hypertension (p<0.05), affliction of the main trunk (p<0.05), prolonged period of clamping of the aorta (p<0.05 in 1984-86, p<0.01 in 1992) and artificial vascular circuit (p<0.001).

CONCLUSION: The basic PIM risk factors include the following: arterial hypertension prior to surgery, affliction of the main trunk of the left coronary artery, prolonged duration of the artificial vascular circuit and clamping of the aorta. MEANING FOR PRACTICE: 1. The analyzed problem represents a positive feedback for cardiosurgeons, anestesiologists and cardiologists. 2. The analysis of the risk factors can be utilized also by future surgical workplaces in the Slovak Republic.