Vesicoureteral reflux postoperative radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Primary Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare subtype of urothelial carcinoma and has an unknown incidence and prevalence in Yemen. Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff removal is the standard treatment for UTUC.

CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 67-year-old male patient who developed grade II vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on the left side of the urinary tract after undergoing right-sided RNU for non-invasive UTUC. Follow-up examinations at one-, three-, and six-month post-surgery revealed no evidence of kidney diseases. The patient's recovery has been satisfactory, and ongoing regular follow-ups are being maintained.

CONCLUSION: Vigilant monitoring of VUR presence and effective management following RNU is crucial to minimize complications and preserve renal function. The underlying mechanisms linking VUR development and RNU remain unclear, necessitating further research.