Correlation of 24-h Urinary Protein Excretion, Serum Indicators, and Placental Growth Factor in Patients with Preeclampsia and their Adverse Outcome.

INTRODUCTION: Preeclampsia (PE) is a fundamental cause of preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, and persistent postpartum hypertension. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between 24-h urinary protein excretion, serum markers, and placental growth factor and their adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with PE.

METHODS: A total of 126 pregnant women with PE (86 cases of mild PE and 40 cases of severe PE, assigned to the observation group) who came to our hospital from March 2019 to December 2021 for regular obstetric checkups and delivery were selected, with 60 healthy pregnant women assigned to the control group. Routine biochemical parameters, 24-h urinary protein quantification, serum parameters, and placental growth factor levels were recorded. The incidence of adverse neonatal pregnancy outcomes and abnormal fetal heart monitoring, neonatal body mass, 1 min Apgar score, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes were also analyzed in the different groups.

RESULTS: In comparison with healthy pregnant subjects, PE patients had earlier delivery gestational weeks (P < .05), significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 24-h urinary protein excretion, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), D-Dimer and human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels (P < .05), lower albumin (ALB), platelet count, pregnant associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and placental growth factor (PLGF) (P < .05), and higher incidence of maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS: Combined screening of 24-h urinary protein, PAPP-A, β-hCG, PLGF, and serum indicators in early pregnancy are essential in predicting PE, allowing timely assessment of the risk of adverse pregnancy, and providing a basis for clinical intervention.