Role of multimodality imaging in infective endocarditis: A comparison of the major society guidelines in the United States and Europe.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening condition, and early diagnosis and management are critical. There is emerging evidence on the role of advanced imaging modalities including dedicated cardiac computed tomography (CCT), and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET). The updated 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines have emphasized increased utilization of multimodality imaging in the diagnosis and management of IE. In this review, we elaborate on recent recommendations from the updated 2023 ESC guidelines, with comparisons to the current American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, focusing on multimodality imaging in IE.