Tuning the crystallinity of the MnO x catalysts to promote toluene catalytic oxidation.

In this paper, the MnOx catalysts with excellent toluene oxidation performance were prepared by a simple precipitation method. The physicochemical properties of the prepared MnOx catalysts were investigated by XRD, BET, H2 -TPR, O2 -TPD and XPS. The obtained results revealed that the crystallinity of the prepared MnOx catalysts could be effectively regulated by changing the (NH4 )2 CO3 /Mn(NO3 )2 molar ratio, and thus affecting the oxygen vacancy concentration of the prepared MnOx catalysts. The prepared MnOx -4 catalyst with the (NH4 )2 CO3 /Mn(NO3 )2 molar ratio of 4.0 had the poor crystallinity and small grain size, which effectively promoted the oxygen defects in the MnOx catalyst to be formed. At the same time, the MnOx -4 catalyst had a large specific surface area, the highest low temperature reducibility and the largest number of oxygen vacancies and surface adsorbed oxygen species, which allowed more surface oxygen species to participate in the redox reaction, and promoted the toluene deep oxidation. Therefore, when the (NH4 )2 CO3 /Mn(NO3 )2 molar ratio was 4.0, the prepared MnOx -4 catalyst exhibited an excellent toluene catalytic oxidation performance and robust catalytic stability. What's more, the toluene oxidation conversion on the MnOx -4 catalyst reached 99% at 230°C, and the MnOx -4 catalyst showed excellent resistance to water vapour.