Use of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 after Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion for the Treatment of Vertebral Osteomyelitis.

OBJECTIVE: To report the operative outcomes after treating vertebral osteomyelitis patients with an anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion procedure using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 as graft material.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of electronic medical records of 26 adult patients who underwent an anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion procedure for cervical osteomyelitis using rhBMP-2 at the University of Puerto Rico University District Hospital was performed. Indication, preoperative laboratory results, levels of corpectomy, preoperative ASIA score, complications, fusion evaluation at 12 months, and ASIA score at 12 months was reviewed.

RESULTS: For the cohort of patients, mean age was 47±13 years and 65% were male. Spinal instability was present in 54%. The levels of corpectomy were: one-level in 2 cases, two-level in 15 cases, three-level in 8 cases and five-level in 1 case. 4 patients had complications and of these, 2 experienced dysphagia. The fusion rate was 100% and no reoperations were performed. An improvement in ASIA score was seen for 54% patients at 12 months follow up.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a fusion rate of 100% with no reoperations reported. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 could be considered and further researched as grafting material for anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion procedures in cervical osteomyelitis patients.