Ruvbl1 is Essential for Ciliary Beating during Xenopus laevis Embryogenesis.

The Ruvb-like AAA ATPase1 (Ruvbl1; also known as Pontin) is an evolutionary conserved protein belonging to the adenosine triphosphates associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA+) superfamily of ATPases. Ruvbl1 is a component of various protein supercomplexes and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including chromatin remodeling, DNA damage repair, and mitotic spindle assembly however, the developmental significance of this protein is unknown and needs detailed investigation. We investigated the developmental significance of Ruvbl1 in multiciliated cells of the Xenopus laevis epidermis since ruvbl1 is expressed in the multiciliated cells and pronephros during X. laevis embryogenesis. The knockdown of ruvbl1 significantly impaired cilia-driven fluid flow and basal body polarity in the X. laevis epidermis compared to control embryos, but did not affect cilia morphology. Our results suggest that Ruvbl1 plays a significant role in embryonic development by regulating ciliary beating; however, further investigation is needed to determine the mechanisms involved.