Knowledge and Attitudes towards Dementia among the General Public in Singapore: A Comparative Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: This paper provides a summary of findings on the public's knowledge and attitudes towards dementia. We aim to investigate if the attitudes of Singaporeans towards dementia have changed over the years by adopting a questionnaire used in a similar study in 2012.

METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted through the dissemination of an existing, online questionnaire to participants above 16 years of age. Out of 1500 subjects, results from 1373 participants were analysed. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and compare results from the 2012 study while a latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to understand the categories of study participants based on varying levels of attitudes, knowledge and stigma.

RESULTS: The mean age of study participants was 43.8 (SD = 15.7). Majority of the participants were females (76.5%), between 51 to 60 years of age (29.6%) and belonged to the Chinese ethnic group (77.8%). Results demonstrated that there were significant differences in attitudes towards dementia between 2012 and 2021. There was a 70.2 % improvement in stigma-associated attitudes and an increase in correct responses to 4 out of 5 questions in the knowledge section.

CONCLUSION: Findings of this study suggest that the general public has a better knowledge and more positive attitude towards dementia. This could have been attributed to higher literacy levels of the current study population and effectiveness of established outreach initiatives in Singapore. However, further research with a more balanced representation of ethnic and cultural groups would offer more comprehensive insights into dementia health literacy.