Study of Correlation of Microalbuminuria and Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Individuals.

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease. Screening for microalbuminuria is a sensitive, reliable and accessible test for renal disease and CV morbidity or mortality in hypertension. Reducing SBP but not DBP leads to a decrease in microalbuminuria. Therefore this study is intended to study the association of blood lipid level and urine microalbumin in hypertensive individuals in patients examined in Mandya Institute of Medical Science. Material and Objectives: To study the correlation of microalbuminuria and lipid profile in hypertensive patients. The study is a Descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of one year ( JUNE 2020- JUNE 2021). A minimum of 300 hypertensive patients admitted to the hospital or attending outpatient department with documented SBP ≥ 140mmHg and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg in age less than 65 years as per JNC 8 GUIDELINES were recruited into the study. History of treatment for hypertension were also included. Blood pressure was recorded with the patient well rested for ten minutes before recording, seated and an average of two readings on each of the two hospital visits. Lipid profile, blood sugar, urea and serum creatinine, urine examination and microalbuminuria by spot urine microalbumin creatinine ratio (MCR) was done for all patients. Observation: The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 51% in hypertensive individuals. TC, TG, HDL and Body Mass Index (BMI) were significantly higher in hypertensives with microalbuminuria than with normo albuminuria. There was a significant correlation of dyslipidemia and microalbuminuria in association with hypertension (p <0.05). There was higher prevalence of hypertension in male compared to female but did not have statistical significance (p >0.05). There was significantly higher age in the microalbuminuria group than with normoalbuminuric group of individuals (p <0.001). The duration of hypertension was in significant correlation with the occurrence of microalbuminuria in hypertensive individuals (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors conclude by saying that MA in hypertensive subjects may prove to be a valuable marker in the evaluation of target organ damage and control of risk factors amenable to prevention (regular treatment of HT, weight control, normal lipid levels) may have a favorable effect in preventing, delaying and lessening prevalence of MA. Early screening of hypertensive patients for MA and prompt treatment of positive cases may help reduce the burden of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in the community.