Association of FSHR, LH, LHR, BMP15, GDF9, AMH, and AMHR polymorphisms with poor ovarian response in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.

OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to assess the correlation between LH, LHR, GDF9, FSHR, AMH, AMHR2, and BMP15 polymorphisms, which are related to follicular development, and decreased ovarian response in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for IVF.

METHODS: This age-matched case-control study included three or four controls per woman undergoing COH. Controls were women with normal ovarian response (NOR) and cases were women with poor ovarian response (POR) in oocyte retrieval (three or fewer oocytes). DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and potential associations with gene polymorphisms related to follicular development (LH, LHR, GDF9, FSHR, AMH, AMHR2, and BMP15) were analyzed.

RESULTS: Sixty-six patients were included, 52 in the NOR and 14 in the POR group. Two GDF9 polymorphisms were associated with follicular response after COH, one associated with POR - the presence of a mutant polymorphism in heterozygosis and homozygosis of the GDF9 398-39 (C to G) [23% NOR versus 68% POR (OR 4.01, CI 1.52-10.6, p=0.005)] - and another associated with protective response - the presence of normal homozygosis of GDF9 (C447T) [19.2% NOR versus 50% POR (OR 0.34, IC 0.14-0.84, p=0.019)]. No additional associations were found between the other analyzed polymorphisms and POR.

CONCLUSIONS: This study found that GDF9 appears to play an important role in follicular development, whereas polymorphisms in its DNA chain may negatively affect ovarian reserve, such as 398-39 (C to G), or positively, as seen in C447T.