Physical Symptom Burden and Its Association With Distress, Anxiety, and Depression in Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Physical symptom burden and psychologic symptoms are highly prevalent in women with breast cancer. The Distress Thermometer and Problem List (DT&PL) is commonly used in oncology clinics to screen for distress and its accompanying Physical Problem List (PPL) identifies pertinent physical symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify physical symptoms found on the PPL and evaluate whether they are associated with psychologic symptoms in women with breast cancer.

METHODS: Patients (n=125) with breast cancer (Stage 0-IV) completed the DT&PL and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. They reported bother from any of 22 PPL items on the DT&PL. PPL items were assessed for their associations with distress, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-anxiety, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-depression. The total number of PPL items endorsed per patient was evaluated for associations with psychologic outcomes, controlling for relevant demographic factors.

RESULTS: Most physical problems were associated with depression (n = 13, 87%), and anxiety (n = 8, 53%), but fewer were associated with distress (n = 4, 27%). In multivariate analyses, a higher total number of problems was associated with younger age (p = 0.03) and more depressive symptoms (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Physical symptom burden detected by the DT&PL co-occurs with depression most commonly and to a lesser extent anxiety and distress in women with breast cancer. Depression is associated with more types of physical symptoms and a total number of physical symptoms. The endorsement of multiple PPL items on the DT&PL should prompt an evaluation for depression. Similarly, depression should prompt the evaluation and treatment of physical symptom burden.