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REVIEW
Andrea Bernasconi, Ravnoor S Gill, Neda Bernasconi
In drug-resistant epilepsy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a central role in detecting lesions as it offers unmatched spatial resolution and whole-brain coverage. In addition, the last decade has witnessed continued developments in MRI-based computer-aided machine-learning techniques for improved diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we focus on automated algorithms for the detection of hippocampal sclerosis and focal cortical dysplasia, particularly in cases deemed as MRI negative, with an emphasis on studies with histologically validated data...
April 20, 2024: Epilepsia
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael W K Fong, Eleanor Stephens, Alice Brockington, Jayaganth Jayabal, Shona Scott, Tony Zhang, Rhonda Litchfield, Erica Beilharz, Stuart R Dalziel, Peter Jones, Kim Yates, Vanessa Thornton, Peter S Bergin
OBJECTIVE: Determination of the real-world performance of a health care system in the treatment of status epilepticus (SE). METHODS: Prospective, multicenter population-based study of SE in Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) over 1 year, with data recorded in the EpiNet database. Focus on treatment patterns and determinants of SE duration and 30-day mortality. The incidence, etiology, ethnic discrepancies, and seizure characteristics of this cohort have been published previously...
April 18, 2024: Epilepsia
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naoki Ikegaya, Thandar Aung, Arka Mallela, Jasmine L Hect, Arianna Damiani, Jorge A Gonzalez-Martinez
In patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) who are not candidates for resective surgery, various thalamic nuclei, including the anterior, centromedian, and pulvinar nuclei, have been extensively investigated as targets for neuromodulation. However, the therapeutic effects of different targets for thalamic neuromodulation on various types of epilepsy are not well understood. Here, we present a 32-year-old patient with multifocal bilateral temporoparieto-occipital epilepsy and bilateral malformations of cortical development (MCDs) who underwent bilateral stereoelectroencephalographic (SEEG) recordings of the aforementioned three thalamic nuclei bilaterally...
April 16, 2024: Epilepsia
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony D Jimenez, Margaret Gopaul, Hannah Asbell, Seyhmus Aydemir, Maysaa M Basha, Ayush Batra, Charlotte Damien, Gregory S Day, Onome Eka, Krista Eschbach, Safoora Fatima, Madeline C Fields, Brandon Foreman, Elizabeth E Gerard, Teneille E Gofton, Hiba A Haider, Stephen T Hantus, Sara Hocker, Amy Jongeling, Mariel Kalkach Aparicio, Padmaja Kandula, Peter Kang, Karnig Kazazian, Marissa A Kellogg, Minjee Kim, Jong Woo Lee, Lara V Marcuse, Christopher M McGraw, Wazim Mohamed, Janet Orozco, Cederic Pimentel, Vineet Punia, Alexandra M Ramirez, Claude Steriade, Aaron F Struck, Olga Taraschenko, Andrew K Treister, Ji Yeoun Yoo, Sahar Zafar, Daniel J Zhou, Deepti Zutshi, Nicolas Gaspard, Lawrence J Hirsch, Aurelie Hanin
Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a subset of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) that involves a febrile infection prior to the onset of the refractory status epilepticus. It is unclear whether FIRES and non-FIRES NORSE are distinct conditions. Here, we compare 34 patients with FIRES to 30 patients with non-FIRES NORSE for demographics, clinical features, neuroimaging, and outcomes. Because patients with FIRES were younger than patients with non-FIRES NORSE (median = 28 vs...
April 16, 2024: Epilepsia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ulrich Specht, Denise Lahr, Theodor W May, Pascal Speicher, Heiko Hausfeld, Ingrid Coban, Birgitt Müffelmann, Christian G Bien, Anne Hagemann
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of a specialized inpatient rehabilitation program in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy (NDE), who had been referred within 1 year after diagnosis. METHODS: We performed an open, prospective, controlled study comparing a 1-year follow-up assessment of patients with NDE after completing a rehabilitation program at an epilepsy center (rehabilitation group) with a control group of patients with similar epilepsy duration, but without rehabilitation in the first year after diagnosis...
April 16, 2024: Epilepsia
#6
REVIEW
Philippe Gélisse, William O Tatum, Arielle Crespel, Peter W Kaplan
In the case of suspicion of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), reactivity on electroencephalograms (EEGs) can provide valuable diagnostic information. Reactivity refers to responses to auditory or somatosensory stimulation, with changes in amplitude and frequency of background activity. Because of self-perpetuating processes and the failure of self-terminating mechanisms, status epilepticus is unlikely to cease when patients spontaneously move, and it cannot typically be stopped by external stimulation (i...
April 16, 2024: Epilepsia
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne Hagemann, Arne Herting, Dennis Klimpel, Christian G Bien, Tilman Polster
We investigated the effect of comedication with ethosuximide (ESM) on lamotrigine (LTG) blood levels. Based on observations from clinical practice, we hypothesized that ESM reduces the LTG serum concentration. We additionally evaluated this effect in the presence of concomitant valproic acid (VPA). We retrospectively analyzed samples of inpatients from our department who had been treated with a combination of ESM and LTG between 2017 and 2021. We additionally used data on LTG serum concentrations from a previously published cohort from our center...
April 12, 2024: Epilepsia
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darrell V Lewis, James Voyvodic, Shlomo Shinnar, Stephen Chan, Jacqueline A Bello, Solomon L Moshé, Douglas R Nordli, L Matthew Frank, John M Pellock, Dale C Hesdorffer, Yuan Xu, Ruth C Shinnar, Syndi Seinfeld, Leon G Epstein, David Masur, William Gallentine, Erica Weiss, Xiaoyan Deng, Shumei Sun
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine whether hippocampal T2 hyperintensity predicts sequelae of febrile status epilepticus, including hippocampal atrophy, sclerosis, and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS: Acute magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained within a mean of 4.4 (SD = 5.5, median = 2.0) days after febrile status on >200 infants with follow-up MRI at approximately 1, 5, and 10 years. Hippocampal size, morphology, and T2 signal intensity were scored visually by neuroradiologists blinded to clinical details...
April 12, 2024: Epilepsia
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel M Goldenholz, Celena Eccleston, Robert Moss, M Brandon Westover
OBJECTIVE: Recently, a deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) model forecasted seizure risk using retrospective seizure diaries with higher accuracy than random forecasts. The present study sought to prospectively evaluate the same algorithm. METHODS: We recruited a prospective cohort of 46 people with epilepsy; 25 completed sufficient data entry for analysis (median = 5 months). We used the same AI method as in our prior study. Group-level and individual-level Brier Skill Scores (BSSs) compared random forecasts and simple moving average forecasts to the AI...
April 12, 2024: Epilepsia
#10
REVIEW
Clinical practice guidelines on the management of status epilepticus in adults: A systematic review.
Luca Vignatelli, Valentina Tontini, Stefano Meletti, Maria Camerlingo, Stefania Mazzoni, Giada Giovannini, Elena Pasini, Roberto Michelucci, Francesca Bisulli, Paolo Tinuper, Lidia Di Vito
OBJECTIVE: Status epilepticus (SE) is the second most common neurological emergency in adults. Despite improvements in the management of acute neurological conditions over the last decade, mortality is still durably high. Because a gap has emerged between SE management based on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and actual clinical practice, we conducted a systematic review of CPGs, assessing their quality, outlining commonalities and discrepancies in recommendations, and highlighting research gaps...
April 12, 2024: Epilepsia
#11
LETTER
Sameer M Zuberi, Elaine Wirrell, Paolo Tinuper, Rima Nabbout
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 10, 2024: Epilepsia
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jialing Guo, Daniel Min, Emory K Farrell, Yupeng Zhou, Carl L Faingold, Joseph F Cotten, Hua-Jun Feng
OBJECTIVE: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is an underestimated complication of epilepsy. Previous studies have demonstrated that enhancement of serotonergic neurotransmission suppresses seizure-induced sudden death in evoked seizure models. However, it is unclear whether elevated serotonin (5-HT) function will prevent spontaneous seizure-induced mortality (SSIM), which is characteristic of human SUDEP. We examined the effects of 5-HT-enhancing agents that act by three different pharmacological mechanisms on SSIM in Dravet mice, which exhibit a high incidence of SUDEP, modeling human Dravet syndrome...
April 9, 2024: Epilepsia
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl Martin Klein, Rumika Mascarenhas, Daria Merrikh, Maryam Khanbabaei, Tatiana Maroilley, Navprabhjot Kaur, Yiping Liu, Tyler Soule, Minette Manalo, Goichiro Tamura, Julia Jacobs, Walter Hader, Gerald Pfeffer, Maja Tarailo-Graovac
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have identified brain somatic variants as a cause of focal epilepsy. These studies relied on resected tissue from epilepsy surgery, which is not available in most patients. The use of trace tissue adherent to depth electrodes used for stereo electroencephalography (EEG) has been proposed as an alternative but is hampered by the low cell quality and contamination by nonbrain cells. Here, we use our improved depth electrode harvesting technique that purifies neuronal nuclei to achieve molecular diagnosis in a patient with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)...
April 8, 2024: Epilepsia
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arielle Vary O'Neal, Ishak Tamani, Christian W Mendo, Colin B Josephson, Jorge G Burneo, David A Steven, Mark R Keezer
OBJECTIVE: Despite the general safety and efficacy of epilepsy surgery, there is evidence that epilepsy surgery remains underutilized. Although there are an increasing number of studies reporting epilepsy surgery in older adults, there is no consensus on whether epilepsy surgery is efficacious or safe for this population. Our objective was to systematically assess the efficacy as well as safety of resective surgery in people aged 50 years or older with drug-resistant epilepsy. METHODS: We considered studies that examine the efficacy and safety of epilepsy surgery in adults aged 50 years and older...
April 6, 2024: Epilepsia
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Belén Abarrategui, Veronica Pelliccia, Ginevra Giovannelli, Michele Nichelatti, Serena Valenzano, Ezequiel Mikulan, Andrea Pigorini, Martina Revay, Pina Scarpa, Laura Tassi
OBJECTIVE: Cortical intracerebral electrical stimulation is an important tool for language mapping in the presurgical work-up of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. Language mapping with stereo-electroencephalography (EEG) is usually performed by high-frequency stimulations (HFS: 50 Hz), whereas low-frequency stimulations (LFS: 1 Hz) are usually considered useful for primary cortices mapping. Little is known in literature about "intermediate" frequencies (IFS: 6-15 Hz)...
April 6, 2024: Epilepsia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John A Mason, Elizabeth Juarez-Colunga, Kelly G Knupp
OBJECTIVE: Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is a common and urgent diagnosis with seizure and nonseizure mimics. Evaluation with prolonged video-electroencephalography (EEG) can be time-consuming and costly. This study investigated the use of EEG review of a single sleep-wake cycle to exclude IESS. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed video-EEG studies to rule out IESS in children between the ages of 2 months and 2 years in the period from January 2019 through June 2020...
April 4, 2024: Epilepsia
#17
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 4, 2024: Epilepsia
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sichan Li, Jiaqin Yi, YaLi Tuo, Gang Nie, Jun Wang, Yang Wang, Dan Sun, Zhisheng Liu
OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to explore the pharmacokinetics of perampanel (PER) in children with epilepsy, identify factors that contribute to pharmacokinetic variations among subjects, evaluate the connection between PER exposure and clinical outcome, and establish an evidence-based approach for tailoring individualized antiepileptic treatment in this specific population. METHODS: In this prospective study, PER plasma concentrations and genetic information on metabolic enzymes were obtained from 194 patients younger than 18 years...
April 4, 2024: Epilepsia
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriela B Tantillo, Erin Sullivan-Baca, Rizwana Rehman, María Raquel López, Zulfi Haneef
OBJECTIVE: Hispanic/Latino people with epilepsy are a growing population that has been understudied in clinical epilepsy research. U.S. veterans are at a higher risk of epilepsy due to greater exposures including traumatic brain injury. Hispanic/Latino Veterans with Epilepsy (HL-VWEs) represent a growing population; however the treatment utilization patterns of this population have been vastly understudied. METHODS: HL-VWE were identified from administrative databases during fiscal year 2019...
April 1, 2024: Epilepsia
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Håkon Magne Vegrim, Julie Werenberg Dreier, Jannicke Igland, Nils Erik Gilhus, Silje Alvestad, Mika Gissler, Maarit K Leinonen, Yuelian Sun, Helga Zoega, Jakob Christensen, Marte-Helene Bjørk, Torbjörn Tomson
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to characterize the use of higher doses of folic acid (≥1 mg daily) in relation to pregnancy in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in women with epilepsy treated with antiseizure medication (ASM). METHODS: In this observational study, we used data from national medical birth, patient, and prescription registers in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden to retrospectively identify pregnancies in women with epilepsy treated with ASM from 2006 to 2017...
March 30, 2024: Epilepsia
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