How to avoid fluid overload.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review highlights the recent evidence describing the outcomes associated with fluid overload in critically ill patients and provides an overview of fluid management strategies aimed at preventing fluid overload during the resuscitation of patients with shock.

RECENT FINDINGS: Fluid overload is a common complication of fluid resuscitation and is associated with increased hospital costs, morbidity and mortality.

SUMMARY: Fluid management goals differ during the resuscitation, optimization, stabilization and evacuation phases of fluid resuscitation. To prevent fluid overload, strategies that reduce excessive fluid infusions and emphasize the removal of accumulated fluids should be implemented.