An In-Depth Analysis of the Artery of Salmon: Anatomy and Neurosurgical Implications.

BACKGROUND: Michel Salmon was a prominent person in the field of plastic surgery during the early 20th century. His pioneering work contributed significantly to our understanding of human anatomy, particularly with the identification of the Artery of Salmon. The objective of this study is to thoroughly investigate the AOS by conducting a comprehensive literature review, providing insights into its anatomy and surgical implications.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This review was undertaken after a thorough examination of literature encompassing papers about the AOS. Right up until January 2024, databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were explored. The search was conducted using specific terms such as 'Artery of Salmon,' 'suboccipital artery,' and 'vertebral artery anatomy'. An in-depth assessment was conducted to examine the anatomy, and surgical significance of the AOS.

RESULTS: The AOS is a branch of the V3 segment of the VA that supplies the suboccipital muscles. The ability, to identify it, is critical for distinguishing the origins of intraoperative hemorrhage. Through careful surgical intervention, the artery was able to devascularize tumors and vascular lesions. We also touched on the technical issues of its possible application in bypass operations for aneurysms of the PICA or Vertebral artery.

CONCLUSION: The AOS is sometimes vital in neurosurgery, facilitating precise interventions and serving as a conduit in suboccipital bypass surgeries. Understanding its variations is essential for neurosurgeons, showcasing ongoing advancements in patient care.