EPC1/2 regulate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation by modulating H3 acetylation and DLST.

Enhancers of polycomb 1 (EPC1) and 2 (EPC2) are involved in multiple biological processes as components of histone acetyltransferases/deacetylase complexes and transcriptional cofactors, and their dysfunction was associated with developmental defects and diseases. However, it remains unknown how their dysfunction induces hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) defects. Here, we show that depletion of EPC1 / 2 significantly reduced the number of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the aorta-gonad mesonephros and caudal hematopoietic tissue regions by impairing HSPC proliferation, and consistently downregulated the expression of HSPC genes in K562 cells. This study demonstrates the functions of EPC1 / 2 in regulating histone H3 acetylation, and in regulating DLST (dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase) via H3 acetylation and cooperating with transcription factors serum response factor and FOXR2 together, and in the subsequent HSPC emergence and proliferation. Our results demonstrate the essential roles of EPC1 / 2 in regulating H3 acetylation, and DLST as a linkage between EPC1 and EPC2 with mitochondria metabolism, in HSPC emergence and proliferation.