Real-life effectiveness of carfilzomib in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma receiving treatment in the context of early access: The CARMYN study.

The real-life retrospective observational study CARMYN aimed at investigating the long-term efficacy and safety of carfilzomib in combination with dexamethasone and lenalidomide (KRd, 159 patients). These patients (62% in first and 38% in second relapse, median age 62 yo) were treated between 02/2014 and 02/2017. Most had been pre-exposed to bortezomib (98.2%) and to an IMID (75.4%). At the time of collection, 90% had permanently discontinued carfilzomib. Data collection was conducted from January to July 2021 in 27 participating sites, after a median of 39 months follow-up. For patients treated with KRd, an overall response rate of 78.4% translated in a median progression free survival (PFS) of 24.0 months (95% CI 18.8-27.6) and a median overall survival (OS) of 51.1 months (95% CI 41.3-not reached). Results were poorer but difficult to interpret in the small cohort of Kd recipients. The study is one of the longest real-life studies of carfilzomib treatment in patients in first or second relapse. CARMYN confirmed the real-life long-term efficacy of carfilzomib in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone with results similar to those of clinical trials. The KRd regimen is thus an option to consider for late relapses in the current context of MM management.