Relationship Between Clinical Outcomes and Nerve Conduction Studies Before and After Viral Infections in Healthy Individuals: Case Series.

BACKGROUND: The neurological effect of viral respiratory infections has been acknowledged in many studies. However, patients who recovered from this infection show neurological manifestations and are not being routinely transferred for electrodiagnostic evaluation.

AIM: This study aimed to examine the neurological effect of viral respiratory infections on the nerve function using electrophysiology in patients fully recovered from viral respiratory infections.

METHODS: To limit bias in the results, the authors decided to choose patients who recovered from one virus in all participants (coronavirus). Medical records were screened for patients who performed nerve conduction studies (NCSs) before the coronavirus pandemic. Thirty patients met our inclusion criteria, and only 10 showed up to perform NCS. Data of the NCS was compared before and after the coronavirus infection for motor and sensory NCS parameters.

RESULTS: An increase in both the median and ulnar sensory nerve latencies and a decrease in the sensory nerve amplitude was observed. Also, there was a decrease in the motor conduction velocity (MCV) of the ulnar nerves and motor amplitude in the median nerve. In the lower limbs, there was a decrease in the sural nerve latency, increased MCV in the tibial nerves, and decreased MCV in the peroneal nerves. The proximal amplitudes of the tibial and peroneal nerves were increased, but the distal amplitude was increased only in the peroneal nerves and decreased in the tibial nerves.

CONCLUSION: There is a significant impact of viral infections on the peripheral nerves. Large-scale prospective studies are required to investigate the pathogenesis of the neuropathy and myopathy after viral infections.