Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and endometrial carcinoma risk: A retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and incident endometrial carcinogenesis, aiming to determine whether the TyG index is a promising predictive biomarker for endometrial carcinoma (EC).

METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between TyG index and EC incidence and progression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC), as well as the cut-off value of the TyG index for EC incidence.

RESULTS: The TyG index was significantly higher in patients with EC or endometrial atypical hyperplasia (EAH) than in those with normal endometrium (P < 0.001). A continuous rise was observed in the incidence of EC and EAH among the tertiles of the TyG index (P < 0.001). The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the TyG index was associated with EC and EAH risk after adjusting for potential confounding factors (EAH: odds ratio [OR] 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33-4.85, P = 0.005; EC: OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.60-4.41, P < 0.001). Moreover, high TyG index was positively associated with advanced pathological stage (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.32-3.47, P = 0.002) and poorer differentiation (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.36-4.72, P = 0.004).

CONCLUSION: The TyG index might be a promising biomarker for endometrial carcinogenesis. Subjects with a higher TyG index should be aware of the risk of EC incidence and progression.