Rheumatological adverse events secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The first experiences with a group of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer were described in 2010. They are currently used in many tumours, with successful survival outcomes but a new profile of adverse events. This new spectrum of immune-mediated toxicities includes an exaggerated inflammatory response of T lymphocyte and the development of autoimmune diseases or similar pathologies. Of these, of particular note are the rheumatological toxicities. This review aims to alert internists and rheumatologists to their recognition and clinical management.