Risk Factors for Failure of Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Therapy for Lactational Breast Abscess.

Background: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in the treatment of breast abscess has become the preferred treatment. Although fine-needle aspiration has a good therapeutic effect, there are still some patients failed who finally underwent drainage. Objective: To analyze the risk factors of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration treatment failure for patients with lactational breast abscess. Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 1,472 patients with lactational breast abscess who underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration treatment from January 2014 to March 2017 were analyzed in this retrospective study. According to the treatment results, these patients were divided into two groups: fine-needle aspiration failure group ( n  = 111) and fine-needle aspiration recovery group ( n  = 1,361). Chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the two groups in terms of postpartum time, age, location of abscess cavity, number of abscess cavities, volume of pus, frequency of aspiration, infected bacteria, treatment time, weaning, and recurrence. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of patients with failed fine-needle aspiration treatment. Results: Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in the location of abscess, volume of pus, treatment time, frequency of aspiration, and weaning between the two groups ( p  < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the location of abscess, volume of pus, frequency of aspiration, and treatment time were risk factors for the failure of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration treatment ( p  < 0.05). Conclusions: For patients with breast abscess during lactation, abscess in center area, volume of pus >50 mL, frequency of aspiration >3 times and treatment time >14 days, the failure probability of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration treatment was high. Therefore, whether fine-needle aspiration is the preferred treatment for these patients needs to be considered.