Rethinking Frontline Health Workers' Safety Performance in Times of Pandemic: The Role of Spiritual Leadership.

This study examined the impact of spiritual leadership style on frontline health workers' safety performance through safety climate. Also, leader-member exchange was examined as a moderator on safety climate and safety performance relationship. Survey data from 582 frontline health workers in Ghana's Greater Accra and Ashanti regions were analyzed in AMOS version 23. The findings show that spiritual leadership dimensions significantly influenced health workers' safety performance. Again, altruistic love, and vision significantly influenced safety climate. However, hope could not have an impact on safety climate. Moreover, safety climate influenced safety performance dimensions. Furthermore, safety climate mediated the relationship between altruistic love, vision, and safety performance. However, safety climate did not mediate the relationship between hope and safety performance. Lastly, leader-member exchange moderated the positive effect of safety climate on safety compliance but not on safety participation. This study offers valuable insights for improving frontline health workers' safety performance during pandemics.