Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Women with Endometrial Cancer: Dynamic Versus Single-Phase Acquisitions.

BACKGROUND: The 2019 European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) guidelines for endometrial cancer recommend performing either dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE MRI) or single-phase CE MRI. However, no study has directly compared these options. Therefore, this study compared dynamic versus single-phase CE MRI for the evaluation of myometrial invasion in women with endometrial cancer.

METHODS: This retrospective, single-institution comparative study was conducted among women with surgically proven endometrial cancer, including 30 consecutive women with single-phase CE MRI and 30 age- and pathologic stage-matched women with dynamic CE MRI. Three readers independently compared dynamic and single-phase CE MRI in terms of the tumor-myometrium signal intensity (SI) difference ratio, depth of myometrial invasion, image quality, and image number. Pathologic findings served as a reference standard for the depth of myometrial invasion.

RESULTS: The estimated mean SI difference ratios of dynamic CE MRI and single-phase CE MRI fell within an equivalence margin of 0.05 (90% confidence intervals [CIs] = [-0.0497 to -0.0165], [-0.0226 to -0.0403], and [-0.0429 to -0.0433], respectively, for readers A, B, and C). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the detection of deep myometrial invasion was not significantly different between the acquisitions ( P  = .3315, P  = .3345, and P  = .8593, respectively). Single-phase CE MRI showed significantly better image quality than dynamic CE MRI ( P  = .0143, P  = .0042, and P  = .0066, respectively), while the median number of images for dynamic CE MRI was 2.4 times higher than that for single-phase CE MRI.

CONCLUSION: Single-phase acquisition may be a better option for CE MRI in women with endometrial cancer than dynamic acquisition.