Evaluation of corneal backward light scattering in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

AIM: To compare the corneal backward light scattering values in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with those of age and sex-matched healthy controls.

METHODS: The study included 30 patients (30 eyes) with type 2 DM and 30 control subjects (30 eyes). Duration of diabetes, most recent hemoglobin A1c levels, along with the status of diabetic retinopathy, and existing medical treatment of all subjects were recorded. All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination. In addition, backward light scattering (densitometry) was measured to assess changes in corneal transparency using tomography (Pentacam HR).

RESULTS: The type 2 DM patients included 12 males and 18 females and control subjects included 16 males and 14 females. The age was 50.40±7.80y (range: 40-68y) of the diabetic group and 49.30±9.50y (rang: 40-73y) of control group. The diabetic group demonstrated significantly higher mean densitometry values of the anterior (6-10 mm) zone ( P =0.047), the total anterior layer ( P =0.036) and the total cornea ( P =0.043) than control group. The corneal densitometry of the diabetic eyes demonstrated no significant correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels and DM duration.

CONCLUSION: Diabetic group has higher densitometry in anterior corneal (6-10 mm) zone, total anterior cornea, and total cornea and with no correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels and DM duration.