Pain management in indigenous and tribal peoples: a scoping review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Effective and culturally safe pain management can facilitate analgesia and improve the quality of life. Individualised, multimodal and multidisciplinary approaches are highly recommended. There exist gaps in the knowledge on pain management, in terms of the assessment and/or treatment, in indigenous peoples and the currently available information is scattered in the literature. A scoping review will provide an overview or evidence map on the variety of approaches used in different cultures, in different parts of the world.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The search strategy comprises three stages. The first stage identified the MeSH terms and keywords in PubMed. The second stage will consist of a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, APA PsycNet and Scopus, followed by a search in Google and Google Scholar, GreyGuide, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Theses Canada Portal (Library and Archives Canada), TROVE (National Library of Australia), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Bibliography, and Cybertesis. The papers will be screened, selected and extracted independently by two researchers. Descriptive data analysis will be performed, and the results will be presented using a narrative summary, graphs, tables and figures.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This review does not require ethical approval, as data from the literature available in databases will be collected and analysed. The protocol was registered at the Open Science Framework. The data on pain assessment and treatment in indigenous peoples will be presented through a narrative summary, figures, charts and tables. Results will be submitted to an open-access journal for publication and will be disseminated through scientific events, scientific meetings, public events and conversation circles with indigenous peoples.