Low detrusor contractility has a less favorable outcome of anti-incontinence surgery for women with stress urinary incontinence.

PURPOSE: Few studies exist comparing the effect of different lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTDs) on anti-incontinence surgery. This study investigates the long-term therapeutic outcome of a suburethral sling procedure among women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and different LUTDs.

METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed 401 women treated with a suburethral sling for SUI. Following baseline videourodynamic findings, the patients were divided into pure SUI or SUI with concomitant LUTD (mixed detrusor overactivity and SUI, low detrusor contractility and SUI, and presence of bladder outlet obstruction and SUI) groups. The primary endpoint was the SUI-free-specific survival rate. A successful outcome was defined as the absence of any SUI event. The secondary endpoints included postoperative complications, surgical revision rate, and changes in videourodynamic parameters.

RESULTS: At a mean follow-up of 5.1 (standard deviation: 5.4, range 0.1-24.1) years, the median cumulative duration of SUI-free survival was 15.4 years and 15.9 years in the pure SUI and SUI and concomitant LUTD subgroup, respectively, without significant difference between the groups. No between-group difference in postoperative complications was also noted. The cumulative incidences of the overall reoperation rate were 15.3%, 11.6%, 30.9%, and 7.3% in the pure SUI, detrusor overactivity, low detrusor contractility, and bladder outlet obstruction subgroups, respectively, with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS: Women who underwent suburethral sling surgery for SUI treatment had comparable long-term success rates regardless of baseline LUTD. However, those with low detrusor contractility may experience less favorable results in terms of higher reoperation rates.