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Gelsolin Modulates Platelet Dense Granule Secretion and Hemostasis via the Actin Cytoskeleton.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2022 December 16
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The mechanisms underlying platelet granule release are not fully understood. The actin cytoskeleton serves as the platelet's structural framework that is remodeled upon platelet activation. Gelsolin is a calcium-dependent protein that severs and caps existing actin filaments although its role in modulating platelet granule exocytosis is unknown.
METHODS: The hemostatic function of wild-type ( WT ) and gelsolin null ( Gsn-/- ) mice was measured ex vivo by rotational thromboelastometry analysis of whole blood. Platelets were purified from WT and Gsn-/- mouse blood and activated with thrombin. Platelet aggregation was assessed by light-transmission aggregometry. Clot retraction was measured to assess outside-in integrin signaling. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release and surface P-selectin were measured as markers of dense- and α-granule secretion, respectively.
RESULTS: The kinetics of agonist-induced aggregation, clot retraction, and ATP release were accelerated in Gsn-/- platelets relative to WT . However, levels of surface P-selectin were diminished in Gsn-/- platelets. ATP release was also accelerated in WT platelets pretreated with the actin-depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D, thus mimicking the kinetics observed in Gsn-/- platelets. Conversely, ATP release kinetics were normalized in Gsn-/- platelets treated with the actin polymerization agonist jasplakinolide. Rab27b and Munc13-4 are vesicle-priming proteins known to promote dense granule secretion. Co-immunoprecipitation indicates that the association between Rab27b and Munc13-4 is enhanced in Gsn-/- platelets.
CONCLUSIONS: Gelsolin regulates the kinetics of hemostasis by modulating the platelet's actin cytoskeleton and the protein machinery of dense granule exocytosis.
METHODS: The hemostatic function of wild-type ( WT ) and gelsolin null ( Gsn-/- ) mice was measured ex vivo by rotational thromboelastometry analysis of whole blood. Platelets were purified from WT and Gsn-/- mouse blood and activated with thrombin. Platelet aggregation was assessed by light-transmission aggregometry. Clot retraction was measured to assess outside-in integrin signaling. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release and surface P-selectin were measured as markers of dense- and α-granule secretion, respectively.
RESULTS: The kinetics of agonist-induced aggregation, clot retraction, and ATP release were accelerated in Gsn-/- platelets relative to WT . However, levels of surface P-selectin were diminished in Gsn-/- platelets. ATP release was also accelerated in WT platelets pretreated with the actin-depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D, thus mimicking the kinetics observed in Gsn-/- platelets. Conversely, ATP release kinetics were normalized in Gsn-/- platelets treated with the actin polymerization agonist jasplakinolide. Rab27b and Munc13-4 are vesicle-priming proteins known to promote dense granule secretion. Co-immunoprecipitation indicates that the association between Rab27b and Munc13-4 is enhanced in Gsn-/- platelets.
CONCLUSIONS: Gelsolin regulates the kinetics of hemostasis by modulating the platelet's actin cytoskeleton and the protein machinery of dense granule exocytosis.
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