Clinico-Etiological Profile of Pediatric Syncope: A Single Center Experience.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical profile of children with syncope.

METHODS: Hospital records were reviewed for clinical and laboratory details of children presenting with real or apparent syncope. Five diagnostic categories were identified: neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS), psychogenic pseudosyncope (PPS), cardiac, neurological and indeterminate.

RESULTS: 30 children (aged 4 to 17 years)were included. The commonest cause of syncope was NCS (63.3%), followed by PPS (13.3%), cardiac (10%), neurological (10%) and indeterminate (3.3%). Exercise, loud noise or emotional triggers and family history were associated with cardiac etiology, and electrocardiogram (ECG) was diagnostic in the majority. Children with PPS and cardiacsyncope had frequent episodes when compared with other groups. Indiscriminate antiepileptic use was found in 5 children, including two cardiac cases.

CONCLUSIONS: Frequent recurrences of syncope may suggest PPS or cardiac cause. Cardiac etiology may be readily identified on history and ECG alone.