Evaluation of hydrophilic gel made from Acemannan and Moringa oleifera in enhancing osseointegration of dental implants. A preliminary study in rabbits.

Background: Hydrophilic implant surface has gained increasing interest as a factor to stimulate osseointegration.

Purpose: The study was done to formulate hydrophilic gel to be applied on to the dental implant surface, to enhance bone to implant contact (BIC).

Materials and methods: In first part of study, Acemannan and Moringa oleifera hydro gel formulated in different proportions were coated on the titanium disk and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was done to evaluate cell viability.Cytotoxicity of aqueous extracts of two plants were tested against UMR106 cells. In second part of study, the prototype titanium implants were placed in tibia and femur of 8 male rabbits. Hydrophilic gel formulated from Acemannan and Moringa oleifera were coated on the study groups of implants. Histomorphometric analysis was carried out of the enbloc sections specimens. Student's unpaired t -test was used to compare mean values between the two groups.

Results: The alkaline phosphatase assay showed least cell inhibition for Acemannan and Moringa oleifera (2:1) as 4.45% and osteoblastic differentiation as 0.328 at 540 nm. Titamium disc coated with hydrogel of Acemannan and Moringa oliefera and seeded with Human MSC shows increased proliferation of osteoblast cells.Compare to study group implants, control group showed no new bone formation.

Conclusions: Hydrophilic implant surface showed new bone formation with increased bone to implant contact.There was absent of degenerative changes, necrotic changes, fibrosis, and inflammation at the new BIC .