Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

PURPOSE: Primary dental care facilities and awareness about temporomandibular disorders are lacking among the indigenous population of Kerala. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) disorders among the indigenous populations of Kerala. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study included adults aged 18 years and above, visiting primary health care centre in the tribal hamlet in the town of Kalpetta, Wayanad District, Kerala, India, for reasons other than dental...

The present case report describes the prosthetic management following partial loss of free-fibular osteocutaneous flap in an irradiated patient diagnosed with recurrent head and neck cancer. The patient presented with constant drooling of oral fluids due to an anatomically deficient lower lip. Salvage reconstructive surgery was not considered feasible due to past history of recurrence, multiple surgeries and radiotherapy, and financial constraints. An adhesive-retained interim silicone prosthesis was fabricated to alleviate the functional and psychosocial morbidity...

In the current technological era, dental practitioners are faced with various ethical challenges, highlighting the importance of bioethics in this healthcare discipline. The rise of artificial intelligence has recently sparked a debate regarding the privacy of patient data. While the advancements may offer innovative treatment options, their long-term effects may not be fully understood, raising questions about the responsible implementation of such methods. Thus, conscientious and ethical AI use in dentistry encompasses that patients be notified about how their data is used and also about the involvement of AI-based decision-making...

AIM: Clinicians across the entire medical profession are responsible for detection, prevention and imparting importance of oral health to the patients. However, many studies conducted so far show lack of knowledge of medical students regarding dental conditions. The present observational study was undertaken to evaluate the knowledge of oral manifestations of systemic diseases amongst medical students undergoing Internship program at a tertiary centre. MATERIALS & METHOD: A self-structured Questionnaire comprising of 20 questions was used as a survey tool to assess the understanding of 100 medical students undergoing internship program...

UNLABELLED: Maintenance of the quality and hygiene of maxillofacial prosthesis allows to maintain the health of the residual tissues. Sampling of the maxillofacial prostheses has relieved presence of microbial colonization on silicone surfaces. Cleaning procedures of maxillofacial silicones are done using mechanical means or using adjunctive with chemical means. Cleaning with a 2-4% chlorhexidine gluconate spray or dipping in solution for a minute and then washing under running water can sufficiently condition to reduce the amount of bacterial contamination...

OBJECTIVES: It is commonly accepted that immediate implantation is the best option for patients since it shortens the time patients must wait for ultimate restoration and provides a predictable functional and aesthetic result. However, this approach is still controversial in patients with apical pathosis. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of immediate implant insertion in patients with apical pathosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2000 and 2023, PRISMA-compliant keywords were used to search PubMed, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Library...

BACKGROUND: While effective, DAc injections for submental fat (SMF) reduction carry risks, including vascular damage and skin necrosis when improperly administered. This study presents a novel approach to SMF reduction using blunt microcannulas for DAc injections, coupled with 3D stereophotogrammetry quantification (3D-SQ). CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old female with SMF underwent two DAc applications. 3D-SQ was performed before and after each treatment using a 3D-SQ system...

AIM: To identify the optimal number and position of implants to reduce stress concentration on the implant, denture, and attachment system for sustaining an overdenture prosthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By incorporating one to eight indigenous implants with bar-type attachments, eight 3D finite element models of mandibular overdentures were created. All models received a 200 N vertical load, and the biomechanical characteristics of peri-implant bone were assessed...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the mandibular trabecular pattern in pre- and postmenopausal age women. By analysing the strut, fractal, grey level co-occurrence matrix, and radio-morphometric indices in the panoramic radiograph. METHOD: Panoramic radiographs from 2019 to 2022 were used to assess pre- and postmenopausal women's bone mineral density. A total of 272 panoramic radiographs, which exhibited clear visibility of the mental foramen on both sides without any blurring, motion artefacts, surgical errors, overlapping hyoid bone, or inferior mandibular cortex, were divided into two groups...

Salivary gland damage and hypofunction result from various disorders, including autoimmune Sjögren's disease (SjD) and IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), as well as a side effect of radiotherapy for treating head and neck cancers. There are no therapeutic strategies to prevent the loss of salivary gland function in these disorders nor facilitate functional salivary gland regeneration. However, ongoing aquaporin-1 gene therapy trials to restore saliva flow show promise. To identify and develop novel therapeutic targets, we must better understand the cell-specific signaling processes involved in salivary gland regeneration...

BACKGROUND: Recently researches in the field of dental implantology have increased, in spite of that very limited knowledge is available to the patients about dental implants as an option for replacement of missing teeth. Goal of replacement of missing teeth is not only functional rehabilitation but overall improvement in quality of life of the patient. AIM: To assess the awareness of dental implants and to compare oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients treated with implant supported fixed prosthesis (ISPs) and teeth supported fixed prosthesis (FPDs)...

BACKGROUND: Kanikkaran are semi-nomadic tribes inhabiting Mundandhurai hills in Tamil Nadu. Their traditional method of maintaining oral health, seclusion, ignorance, and limited access to dental resources has led to their poor oral health situation. Thus, the present study is designed to assess the oral health status of the Kanikkaran tribals residing in Mundandhurai Hill of Tirunelveli district. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among 907 Kanikkaran tribes in Mundandhurai hills...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of different topical hyaluronic acid-based gels on human gingival fibroblasts and oral bacteria. METHODS: Four different hyaluronate gels - Bexident® Aftas (BA), GUM® AftaClear (AfC), Gengigel®(G), Aloclair® Plus (AlC) and a chlorhexidine gel - Bexident®Gums(BG) were selected. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were seeded in 48-well plates with different gel/culture medium concentrations (v/v%) and cell viability was evaluated at 1 and 3 days of culture...

Salivary gland hypofunction is highly prevalent in aged and diseased individuals leading to significant discomfort and morbidity. One factor that contributes to salivary gland hypofunction is cellular aging, or senescence. Senescent cells can impair gland function by secreting paracrine-acting growth factors and cytokines, known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. These SASP factors stimulate inflammation, propagate the senescent phenotype through the bystander effect, and stimulate fibrosis...

BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is found in different locations in the periodontium, including mineralized tissues (i.e., cementum and alveolar bone) and non-mineralized tissues (i.e., gingiva and periodontal ligament). In addition, it seems to play an essential part in regulating the underlying mechanisms involved in tissue inflammatory reactions and wound healing. HA has the potential to regulate periodontal tissue regeneration and treat periodontal disease. AIM: The current review of the literature was conducted to assess how HA plays its part in periodontal therapy and examine the contemporary literature's viewpoint on its use in periodontal regeneration...

OBJECTIVES: Alpha-lactalbumin, the protein from human and bovine milk has been found to be promising as an alternative of anticancer agent . This study was aimed to investigate the effects of lactalbumin enzymatic hydrolysate (LAH) on cell proliferation, migration, and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP ) on human squamous cell carcinoma (hSCC) cell lines, in vitro . METHODS: Tongue (HSC-4 and 7) and pharyngeal (HN-30 and 31) hSCC cell lines were treated with a two-fold dilution of LAH (0...

Chronic oral mucosal diseases (COMDs) represent a significant challenge for clinicians and patients. They are commonly associated with chronic pain and negative effects on healing and patient's quality of life. Regenerative medicine including the use of biological autologous blood-derived substances (e.g., platelet concentrates [PCs]), has been reported to improve healing and reduce pain in orthopedic and maxillofacial surgeries as well as chronic oral mucosal diseases. In this review, we aim to describe the different types of PCs and their applications in the management of COMDs such as lichen planus, mucositis, pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and plasma cell mucositis, in terms of healing potential, pain control, and quality of life...

The permanence of deep subgingival restorations are questionable both functionally and biologically. Crown lengthening is one of the traditionally performing procedures to visualize and relocate the deep margins, but the limitations of the invasive surgical procedure are anatomical complications like exposure of root concavities or furcation, violation of biological width, post operative discomfort because of sutures or periodontal packs; and less patient compliance. Other than crown lengthening, researchers tried some other techniques like modified matrix adaptation technique, using retraction cord, making holes in matrix band and flowing resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) to the root or cervical caries, orthodontic extrusion...

BACKGROUND: The inability in achieving complete pulpal anesthesia with standard buccal infiltration especially in cases with SIP used for maxillary teeth. The study aimed to compare the anesthetic efficacy of buccal and buccal plus palatal infiltration technique using 2% lidocaine and 4% articaine in permanent maxillary first molars with the diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred and twenty-three patients with clinical diagnosis of SIP, aged 18-50 years were randomly allocated to three treatment groups (N = 41)...

BACKGROUND: Periapical surgery has been suggested as a treatment option for teeth with periapical lesions when those lesions continue despite receiving root canal therapy. Since sealing the apical region is the operation's primary goal, the choice of the root-end filling material affects how the surgery turns out. The retrofilling materials Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) and Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) are both known to have antibacterial characteristics. The purpose of this study is to determine how MTA affects as a Modulator of Periapical Tissue Healing through histological examination in Rat Molar...