We have located links that may give you full text access.
Glenohumeral external rotation weakness partially accounts for increased humeral rotation torque in youth baseball pitchers.
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2020 April
OBJECTIVES: To examine differences in shoulder internal rotation (IR) torque among youth pitchers of above and below average relative glenohumeral (GH) rotation strength levels. It was hypothesized that differences in IR torque during the pitching motion would could be explained by differences in relative IR and external rotation (ER) strength.
DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study.
METHODS: Isometric GH rotation strength and upper extremity pitching mechanics were assessed in 78 male youth baseball pitchers (12.7±2.0yrs; 1.63±14.0m; 56.9±12.4kg). Shoulder IR torque during the pitch was examined at maximum humeral external rotation (MER) and throughout the arm acceleration phase (ACC). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine the differences in pitching IR torque between GH strength groups.
RESULTS: A significant main effect of ER strength on the dependent variables was present after controlling for fastball velocity (λ=0.855, F2,72 =6.13, p=0.003, ηp 2 =0.145). Follow up univariate tests indicated significant differences in IR torque between strength groups at MER (F1,73 =12.36, p<0.001, ηp 2 =0.145) and during ACC (F1,73 =6.65, p= 0.012, ηp 2 =0.083). Participants who displayed ER strength at or below the group mean experienced greater IR torque at MER and greater average IR torque during ACC than participants who displayed ER strength above the group mean.
CONCLUSIONS: Weakness of the GH ER musculature partially accounts for increased shoulder IR torque during pitching.
DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study.
METHODS: Isometric GH rotation strength and upper extremity pitching mechanics were assessed in 78 male youth baseball pitchers (12.7±2.0yrs; 1.63±14.0m; 56.9±12.4kg). Shoulder IR torque during the pitch was examined at maximum humeral external rotation (MER) and throughout the arm acceleration phase (ACC). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine the differences in pitching IR torque between GH strength groups.
RESULTS: A significant main effect of ER strength on the dependent variables was present after controlling for fastball velocity (λ=0.855, F2,72 =6.13, p=0.003, ηp 2 =0.145). Follow up univariate tests indicated significant differences in IR torque between strength groups at MER (F1,73 =12.36, p<0.001, ηp 2 =0.145) and during ACC (F1,73 =6.65, p= 0.012, ηp 2 =0.083). Participants who displayed ER strength at or below the group mean experienced greater IR torque at MER and greater average IR torque during ACC than participants who displayed ER strength above the group mean.
CONCLUSIONS: Weakness of the GH ER musculature partially accounts for increased shoulder IR torque during pitching.
Full text links
Related Resources
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app