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Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A Multivariate Analysis of Pain and Distress in Adults Undergoing BMAB.
Clinical Nursing Research 2020 November
Clinicians routinely perform bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (BMAB) to diagnose cancer and evaluate disease status; however, few studies address pain and distress with BMAB. A prospective descriptive-correlational design examined patients' ( N = 152) ratings of pain intensity (numeric rating scale, 0-10) and distress (distress thermometer) at baseline and 5 min and 1 hr postprocedure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and linear regression models. Mean postprocedure pain intensity at 5 min was moderate, 5.56 ( SD = 3.03), and opioid use was associated with decreased pain at 1 hr ( p < .001). Preprocedure administration of anxiolytics had no significant effect on distress reduction ( p = .88). Being female, first-time biopsy, and increased preprocedure pain were significant predictors of postprocedure distress ( p < .001). Treating anxiety alone may not be sufficient to lessen pain and distress. Individualized plans of care should be based on patient risk and response to procedure.
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