Simultaneous achievement of highly birefringent and nonlinear photonic crystal fibers with an elliptical tellurite core.

A novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with an elliptical tellurite core is proposed to realize high birefringence and high nonlinearity simultaneously as well as low confinement loss at the wavelength of 1.55 μm. The guiding properties, such as the birefringence, the nonlinearity, and the confinement loss, have been investigated by using the full vectorial finite element method. The results show that the birefringence and the nonlinear coefficient can be up to 7.57×10-2 and 188.39  W-1  Km-1 , respectively, and the confinement loss can be only 10-9   dB/m. The proposed PCF can find potential applications in optical fiber sensing, polarization-maintaining transmission, and super-continuum generation.