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Capacity and mechanism of arsenic adsorption on red soil supplemented with ferromanganese oxide-biochar composites.

Two ferromanganese oxide-biochar composites (FMBC1 and FMBC2 ) were prepared by an impregnation method to promote the adsorption of As on red soil. Maximum adsorption capacities (Qm ) of 0.687 and 0.712 mg g-1 were observed for FMBC1 and FMBC2 , respectively, corresponding to increases of 104 and 111% relative to the control treatment (Qm  = 0.337 mg g-1 ). Treatment with FMBC1 increased the pH of red soil, whereas a reverse trend was observed for FMBC2 . A variety of analytical techniques were used to explain the differences between FMBC1 and FMBC2 , revealing that the oxidation of As(III) to As(V) by Mn and Fe oxides was aided by interactions with the oxygen-containing functional groups of the ferromanganese oxide-biochar composites. Thus, red soil supplemented with the ferromanganese oxide-biochar composites mainly adsorbed As by chemisorption, thereby projecting ferromanganese oxide-biochar composites as potential absorbents for effectively remediating As-polluted red soil.

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