Robotic-assisted inguinal lymphadenectomy: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Lymphadenectomy represents the standard treatment for various types of cancer. The introduction of robotics in lymph node dissection may have an important impact on post-lymphadenectomy complications.

METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed.

RESULTS: In our review, robotic inguinal lymphadenectomy was performed on 51 patients. Penile squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type of the primary neoplasia. No intra-operative complications were reported. One case of conversion to open was reported. The mean duration of hospitalization was 2 days. The duration of drainage ranged from 7 to 72 days. The most common postoperative complications were lymphocele (13.7%), lymphedema (7.8%), cellulitis (7.8%), seroma (3.9%), abscess (3.9%), wound breakdown/wound infection (3.9%), sepsis (1.9%), prolonged lymphorrhea (1 out of 51 patients, 1.9%) and skin necrosis (1 out of 51 patients, 1.9%).

CONCLUSIONS: Until now there has not been sufficient evidence regarding the role of robotics in groin lymph node dissection, though this approach appears to be safe and oncologically effective, with morbidity rates relatively lower compared to open surgery.