Two-photon microscopy imaging of oxidative stress in human living erythrocytes.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are known to be the most suitable cells to study oxidative stress, which is implicated in the etiopathology of many human diseases. The goal of the current study was to develop a new effective approach for assessing oxidative stress in human living RBCs using two-photon microscopy. To mimic oxidative stress in human living RBCs, an in vitro model was generated followed by two-photon microscopy imaging. The results revealed that oxidative stress is clearly visible on the two-photon microscopy images of RBCs under oxidative stress compared to no fluorescence in controls ( P <0.0001). This novel approach for oxidative stress investigation in human living RBCs could efficiently be applied in clinical research and antioxidant compounds testing.