Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in elderly population.

Background: Although elderly patients have been included in published series of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF), clinical benefit and safety remain still less defined in this population. A retrospective analysis of the results of catheter ablation for AF in a large volume center focused on comparison of elderly patients with the rest of the patient cohort was conducted in this study.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation for AF between January 2001 and December 2016 were analysed. A total population of 3197 patients was dichotomized by the age of 70 years (394 elderly vs . 2803 younger subjects). Patients were followed in terms of arrhythmia status and survival for a median period of 18 vs. 21 and 35 vs. 57 months, respectively.

Results: Elderly patients were more frequently females (49% vs. 29%, P < 0.0001), had a history of hypertension (79% vs. 57%, P < 0.0001), diabetes (16% vs. 11%, P < 0.01), stroke (9% vs. 6%, P < 0.01), coronary/peripheral artery disease (14% vs. 8%, P < 0.0001), and CHA2 DS2 -VASc score (3.1 ± 1.3 vs. 1.5 ± 1.2 s, P < 0.0001). Major complications were more frequent in elderly (5.3% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.03); however, this difference was driven by vascular complications (3.6% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.04). There were comparable rates of cerebrovascular (0.3 vs. 0.3%) or nonvascular complications (1.8 vs. 1.2%). Good arrhythmia control was inferior in elderly patients as compared with the rest of the cohort, both without and with antiarrhythmic drugs: 44.2% vs. 58.2% ( P < 0.0001) and 78.2 vs. 83.2% ( P < 0.01), respectively. Poor arrhythmia control was associated with relative risk of all-cause mortality of 2.7 (95% CI: 1.1-6.4) in elderly patients and 1.4 (95% CI: 0.9-2.0) in younger subjects.

Conclusions: Catheter ablation for AF in elderly patients is safe although somewhat less effective. Good arrhythmia control is associated with better survival, especially in elderly patients.