Evaluation of potassium thiosulfate as a nitrification inhibitor to reduce nitrous oxide emissions.

Potassium thiosulfate (KTS, K2S2O3) has been shown to function as a nitrification inhibitor, thus has the potential to reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and play an important role in effective N management. The objective of this research was to determine the potential effects of KTS on N2O emissions and N transformation processes in comparison with commercial N transformation inhibitors (stabilizers). A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted using urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN) applied at 150mgNkg(-1) in a Hanford sandy loam soil (coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Typic Xerorthents). Treatments included three rates of KTS (26, 51, and 102mgS2O3(2-)-Skg(-1)), a urease and nitrification inhibitor (Agrotain® Plus), a nitrification inhibitor (N-Serve® 24), and an untreated control. Nitrous oxide emission, soil pH, and mineral N species were monitored for 35days. Total N2O emissions were reduced significantly by all KTS treatments as a function of KTS rate. At 102mgS2O3(2-)-Skg(-1), KTS reduced N2O emissions by 48% (0.18% of total inorganic N), which was statistically similar to the N-Serve® 24 treatment (60% reduction) although lower than Agrotain® Plus (78% reduction). The KTS resulted in significantly less unaccounted (total N) loss compared to the commercial inhibitors. If the N2O emissions reductions observed in this laboratory study are validated in the field, using KTS for this purpose can also provide a fertility benefit and may reduce total chemical inputs into agronomic systems. Future research needs to determine the effectiveness of thiosulfate for improving overall nutrient management while reducing N2O emissions under field conditions.