Comparison of the Chemical Composition and Bioactive Components of Fruiting Bodies and Submerged Cultured Mycelia of the Willow Bracket Medicinal Mushroom, Phellinus igniarius (Agaricomycetes).

Chemical compositions and bioactive ingredients of dried fruiting bodies from Phellinus igniarius (CGMCC no. 50095) (P1) and submerged culture of Ph. igniarius dried mycelia (P2) were investigated in this study. It was found that glutamic acid was regarded as a major amino acid in P1 (1.20%) and was approximately 2.55-fold higher than that in P2 (0.47%). Total amino acids in P1 (5.36%) were slightly higher than in P2 (4.09%). The amounts of iron, zinc, copper, and manganese in P1 were 1.96-3.42 times as high as those in P2, whereas potassium, sodium, and magnesium in P2 were almost 2.94-6.88 times lower than in P1. Lead, mercury, and cadmium in P1 were significantly lower than in P2. The levels of polysaccharides and total triterpenoids in PI amounted to 0.29% and 2.3%, respectively, which are considerably higher values than those in P1 (7.72% and 6.88%, respectively). Galactosamine was only detected in the crude polysaccharide of P2. Other monosaccharides, except for galactose, were significantly different between the 2 samples. Crude polysaccharide of P2 was separated into 4 polysaccharides with different molecular weights, but crude polysaccharide in P1 was distributed between 2 different molecular weights. Major polysaccharides in P1 (93.78%) were distributed at about 205,212 Da, whereas the main polysaccharides of P2 (65.98%) were found at about 33,064 Da. The results indicated that submerged cultured mycelia from Ph. igniarius supplemented by its fruiting bodies can be used in medicinal applications.