Polarized rotavirus entry and release from differentiated small intestinal cells.

Rotaviruses infect mature enterocytes from small intestine, however most data about their cellular entry are from studies carried out in non-intestinal polarized or non-polarized cell lines. In this work the entry of porcine rotavirus YM strain into small intestinal cell line IPEC-J2 was studied. It was found that YM and the human rotavirus Wa strain infect preferentially from the basolateral cell surface. Cell infection from the apical and basolateral surfaces was dependent on the presence of cholesterol. The treatment with neuraminidase, sucrose, and bafilomycin suggests that there are differences in the receptor usage and entry mechanism of the virus from the apical and basolateral surface. While cell entry is more efficient from basolateral surface, the viruses egressed mainly from the apical cell side.