Peripheal nerve

BACKGROUND/AIM: Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign tumors of the periph eral nerves sheath, which can damage neighboring organs, impair functions, cause pain and serious maxillofacial disfigurement, and have a high risk of malignant transformation. Complete resection is usually not possible since PNFs often extend through multiple layers of tissue. Therefore, it is necessary and beneficial to find a reasonable drug treatment for PNFs. Propranolol-treatment is the first-line therapy for infantile hemangiomas and the side effects are reversible and mostly benign...

The review discusses thesteps of vitamin B12 metabolism and its role in maintaining of neurological functions. The term "vitamin B12 (cobalamin)" refers to several substances (cobalamins) of a very similar structure. Cobalamin enters the body with animal products. On the peripherу cobalamin circulates only in binding with proteins transcobalamin I and II (complex cobalamin-transcobalamin II is designated as "holotranscobalamin"). Holotranscobalamin is absorbed by different cells, whereas transcobalamin I-binded vitamin B12 - only by liver and kidneys...

The most frequent consequence of chronic alcohol intake is a toxic polyneuropathy. It results from inadequate nutrition, mainly deficiency of thiamine and other B vitamines. Additionally there is a direct neurotoxic effect of ethanol. Signs and symptoms are 1. distal sensory disturbances with pain, paresthesia, and numbness in a glove and stockings-pattern, 2. weakness and atrophy of distal muscles, pronounced in the lower limbs, 3. loss of tendon jerks, 4. affection of autonomic fibers. Therapy consists in absolute alcohol abstinence, high-caloric nutrition, parenteral thiamine and other vitamines...

BACKGROUND: Consensus guidelines on the definition, investigation, and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) have been published (J Peripher Nerv Syst 2005; 10: 220-228, Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 326-332). OBJECTIVES: To revise these guidelines. METHODS: Disease experts, including a representative of patients, considered references retrieved from MEDLINE and Cochrane Systematic Reviews published between August 2004 and July 2009 and prepared statements that were agreed in an iterative fashion...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The authors present the results of a retrospective study of reinnervation after peripheal nerve repair by a microsurgical technique between 1996 and 1998. This is a development of a previous study by their colleagues. MATERIAL: Between 1996 and 1998, 113 injured peripheral nerves were treated by epineuroperineural suture (Ethilon; thickness, 8/0-10/0) under a microscope. To achieve a homogeneous group, 12 median and 13 ulnar nerves were included and evaluated in this retrospective study...

AIMS: To study the distribution of vascular endothelial (VE) cadherin in peripheral nerves. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using two monoclonal antibodies that detect VE-cadherin (TEA1.31 and 7B4) an immunohistochemical study of VE-cadherin expression in five common peroneal nerve biopsies and five skin specimens containing small peripheal nerves was performed. VE-cadherin was consistently expressed by the perineurium of nerves but not by other nerve elements such as Schwann cells or axons...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Capsaicin (50 mg/kg) was injected into new born mice and 5 and 12 h, and 1, 2, 3, and 5 days later, their lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) with the nerve roots were fixed by immersion. The morphological changes which ensued with time after treatment were examined by light and electron microscopy. The findings were as follows: (a) rapid degeneration of certain smaller B-type neurons, indicating their prompt death, was seen 5 h after treatment. Later, accumulated neurofilaments appeared in larger B-type neurons...

The restoration of peripher labyrinthine excitability after sudden unilateral isolated vestibular loss shows a different behaviour: It can happen with or without recovery nystagmus with a numerical nearly equal frequency. In a follow-up of 44 patients with unilateral vestibular loss of vascular genetics the objective and subjective characteristics of both states are described. In explanation of it a lesion of variable etiology in the region of the vestibular artery and a supposition of a not yet or already occured compensation of the disturbed tonus balance in the nuclear area are not sufficient...

The effects of the thyroid gland upon the nervous system with neurologic-psychiatric symptoms are discussed. With hyperthyreosis in younger patients hyperactive and psychotic signs occur, in older patients so-called apathic thyreotoxicosis. Neurologically there appear acute and chronic thyreotoxic myopathies, paroxysmal paralyses, the so-called hyperthyreotic chorea and a series of disturbances of eye muscles. In a thyreotoxic crisis psychotic preliminaries may proceed to a coma. With hyperthyreoses there occur intellectual impairment, showing but also psychoses as well as multiple neurological defect syndromes and epileptic seizures...