Adenoma

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of complications after parotidectomy and identify factors associated with these complications. Methods: Data from patients who underwent parotidectomy for neoplasms in 2 tertiary centers were analyzed. Patient characteristics and postoperative complications were collected. Demographics, diabetes, and smoking status were evaluated using descriptive statistics. The prevalence of complications was determined and associations with smoking, surgical type, preoperative facial nerve involvement, final pathology, and Milan category were examined using chi-squared and correlation analyses...

Background and Objective  Surgery is the treatment of choice for growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. The remission of random GH depends on various factors. We aimed to evaluate the predictors related to remission of random GH following surgical treatment. Methods  We collected the data retrospectively from the chart review from a single unit of neurosurgery. The diagnostic criteria for remission were a random GH < 1 ng/mL or nadir GH < 0.4 ng/mL after an oral glucose tolerance test...

Objectives  Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (Po-CSF) leak is still a challenging complication of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. However, data describing the predictive factors of Po-CSF leak in pure pituitary adenomas is lacking. Aim of this study is to determine the risk factors of Po-CSF leak in a pituitary adenoma group operated via pure transsellar endoscopic approach. Design  This is a retrospective cohort study. Setting  A single-center academic hospital. Participants  Patients operated for a pituitary adenoma between 2015 and 2021 and followed up until June 2022 were included...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Colonoscopy is an essential cancer screening tool; however, bowel preparation is a multifaceted process that involves several steps. Proper preparation is crucial for a successful colonoscopy in terms of diagnostic accuracy and procedural safety. We evaluated the performance of a smartphone application with bowel preparation instructions on individuals undergoing their first colonoscopy. METHODS: In this randomized, prospective, endoscopist-blinded study, participants were scheduled to undergo their first colonoscopy between January 2020 and January 2022...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an extremely uncommon cause of cerebral calcification. A male patient, aged 45, was admitted to the neurosurgery clinic with a closed traumatic brain injury, namely a concussion, resulting in symptoms of headache and loss of balance. A CT scan was conducted, which detected bilateral calcifications on the basal ganglia and the tentorium. The blood tests revealed increased levels of serum calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone (PTH), while vitamin D levels were within the normal range...

OBJECTIVE: Neoplastic gallbladder polyps (GPs), including adenomas and adenocarcinomas, are considered absolute indications for surgery; however, the distinction of neoplastic from non-neoplastic GPs on imaging is often challenging. This study thereby aimed to develop a CEUS radiomics nomogram, and evaluate the role of a combined grey-scale ultrasound and CEUS model for the prediction and diagnosis of neoplastic GPs. METHODS: Patients with GPs of ≥ 1 cm who underwent CEUS between January 2017 and May 2022 were retrospectively enrolled...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated the clinical practice patterns of post-polypectomy colonoscopic surveillance among Korean endoscopists. METHODS: In a web-based survey conducted between September and November 2021, participants were asked about their preferred surveillance intervals and the patient age at which surveillance was discontinued. Adherence to the recent guidelines of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer (USMSTF) was also analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 196 endoscopists completed the survey...

Parotid lumps are a heterogeneous group of mainly benign but also malignant tumors. Preoperative imaging does not allow a differentiation between tumor types. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) may improve the preoperative diagnostics. In this first prospective pilot trial the ability of MSOT to discriminate between the two most frequent benign parotid tumors, pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and Warthin tumor (WT) as well as to normal parotid tissue was explored. Six wavelengths (700, 730, 760, 800, 850, 900 nm) and the parameters deoxygenated (HbR), oxygenated (HbO2 ), total hemoglobin (HbT), and saturation of hemoglobin (sO2 ) were analyzed...

OBJECTIVE: Elucidating complex ecosystems and molecular features of gallbladder cancer (GBC) and benign gallbladder diseases is pivotal to proactive cancer prevention and optimal therapeutic intervention. DESIGN: We performed single-cell transcriptome analysis on 230 737 cells from 15 GBCs, 4 cholecystitis samples, 3 gallbladder polyps, 5 gallbladder adenomas and 16 adjacent normal tissues. Findings were validated through large-scale histological assays, digital spatial profiler multiplexed immunofluorescence (GeoMx), etc...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The widespread use of endoscope and increased surgical experiences in pituitary adenomas (PAs) has raised the expectations for higher resection and cure rates. The subject that will meet this expectation in all types of adenomas is the capsule and its dissection. The purpose of this study was to go beyond the commonly mentioned pseudocapsule definition for small-sized adenomas in previous studies and to describe the capsule structure in different morphologies present in pituitary adenomas of all sizes...

Chronic exposure to high (20,000 ppm) concentrations of tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in drinking water, equivalent to ~2100 mg/kg bodyweight per day, is associated with slight increases in the incidence of thyroid follicular cell adenomas and carcinomas in mice, with no other indications of carcinogenicity. In a recent toxicological review of TBA, the U.S. EPA determined that the genotoxic potential of TBA was inconclusive, largely based on non-standard studies such as in vitro comet assays. As such, the potential role of genotoxicity in the mode of action of thyroid tumors and therefore human relevance was considered uncertain...

Patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) often experience neuropsychiatric disorders due to factors such as hormonal imbalances, and inadequate management of medications, surgeries, and radiation therapies. Commonly observed disorders include depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction, which significantly impact patients' quality of life and prognosis. PitNETs have a significant presence of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), predominantly macrophages and T lymphocytes. These immune cells secrete a variety of cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines, which regulate the biological behaviors of PitNETs, including tumor initiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis...

We report a case of a cystic liver tumour in a 47-year-old man with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) who had undergone sclerotherapy at another hospital for a cyst in hepatic segment IV (S4) 7 years earlier. Based on the preoperative imaging findings, the patient was diagnosed with an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization was performed to increase the residual liver volume, followed by resection of the three right hepatic lobes and the caudate lobe, biliary reconstruction, and portal vein reconstruction...

OBJECTIVES: Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is widely performed for small colorectal polyps. However, small colorectal polyps sometimes include high-grade adenomas or carcinomas that require endoscopic resection with electrocautery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel resection technique, hot snare polypectomy with low-power pure-cut current (LPPC-HSP) for small colorectal polyps, compared with CSP and conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). METHODS: Records of patients who underwent CSP, EMR, or LPPC-HSP for nonpedunculated colorectal polyps less than 10 mm between April 2021 and March 2022 were retrospectively evaluated...

CONTEXT: Detecting patients with surgically curable aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) among hypertensive individuals is clinically pivotal. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the ideal method of measuring plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) because of the inaccuracy of conventional chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). However, LC-MS/MS is expensive and requires expertise. We have developed a novel noncompetitive CLEIA (NC-CLEIA) for measuring PAC in 30 minutes...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: : Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is increasingly used as an alternative to surgery for managing benign ampullary neoplasms. However, post-EP resection margins are often positive or indeterminate, and there is no consensus on the management of ampullary adenomas with positive or indeterminate margins after EP. This study was designed to compare the long-term outcomes between resected margin-negative (RMN) and resected margin-positive/indeterminate (RMPI) groups and to identify factors associated with clinical outcomes...

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare benign tumor classified as a pulmonary adenoma. It presents as a solitary pulmonary nodule without any specific findings, often posing a diagnostic challenge. We herein present a case of a PSP with a short volume doubling time (VDT) comparable to low-grade pulmonary malignancies. CASE PRESENTATION: A 27-year-old female presented to the emergency department with a fever that had persisted for the past two days...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Constipation is an independent risk factor for poor bowel preparation. This study aimed to evaluate the bowel-cleansing efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG) combined with linaclotide (lin) for colonoscopy in patients with chronic constipation. METHODS: This single-blinded, randomized, controlled and multicenter study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2022 at seven hospitals. Patients with chronic constipation who underwent colonoscopies were enrolled and randomly assigned to 4 groups with split -PEG regimens: 4L-PEG group, 4L-PEG+1d-Lin group, 3L-PEG+1d-Lin group, and 3L-PEG+3d-Lin group...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Combined endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) with endoscopic Full thickness resection (EFTR) is an emerging technique that has been developed to target colorectal polyps larger than 2 cm. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate this technique for the resection of large colorectal lesions. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases from inception through August 2023, to identify studies that reported on hybrid FTR...

INTRODUCTION: 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has become the mainstay for staging and post-therapy surveillance of cancer as malignant neoplasms generally demonstrate higher FDG uptake that benign entities. However, there are certain benign lesions, most notably oncocytic tumors, that can display very high uptake and fine needle aspiration (FNA) is usually done to confirm malignancy. Therefore, it is important to recognize that benign oncocytic lesions of the head and neck may also present as FDG-avid lesions to avoid a diagnostic pitfall...