collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34906982/association-of-sleep-neuropsychological-performance-and-gray-matter-volume-with-glymphatic-function-in-community-dwelling-older-adults
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiing Yee Siow, Cheng Hong Toh, Jung-Lung Hsu, Geng-Hao Liu, Shwu-Hua Lee, Ning-Hung Chen, Changjui James Fu, Mauricio Castillo, Ji-Tseng Fang
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The glymphatic system, which is robustly enabled during some stages of sleep, is a fluid-transport pathway that clears cerebral waste products. Most contemporary knowledge regarding the glymphatic system is inferred from rodent experiments and human research is limited. Our objective is to explore the associations between human glymphatic function, sleep, neuropsychological performance, and cerebral gray matter volumes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included individuals 60 years or older who had participated in the Integrating Systemic Data of Geriatric Medicine to Explore the Solution for Health Aging study between September 2019 and October 2020...
February 22, 2022: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34969932/glymphatic-system-dysfunction-in-mild-traumatic-brain-injury
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonah Doustar, Ilan Jacob Danan
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical role of the glymphatic system in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and post-concussive syndrome (PCS). BACKGROUND: Clinical manifestations of mTBI, or concussion, involve a wide array of cognitive, behavioral, and mechanical impairments that commonly spontaneously resolve within weeks. When these symptoms persist, it defines a class of mTBI known as post-concussive syndrome. A multifaceted approach for diagnosing concussion and PCS, heavily reliant on a neurocognitive screening, has become the standard in suspected cases...
January 4, 2022: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30353860/the-glymphatic-pathway-in-neurological-disorders
#3
REVIEW
Martin Kaag Rasmussen, Humberto Mestre, Maiken Nedergaard
BACKGROUND: The glymphatic (glial-lymphatic) pathway is a fluid-clearance pathway identified in the rodent brain in 2012. This pathway subserves the flow of CSF into the brain along arterial perivascular spaces and subsequently into the brain interstitium, facilitated by aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channels. The pathway then directs flow towards the venous perivascular and perineuronal spaces, ultimately clearing solutes from the neuropil into meningeal and cervical lymphatic drainage vessels...
November 2018: Lancet Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31525269/glymphatics-visualization-after-focused-ultrasound-induced-blood-brain-barrier-opening-in-humans
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Meng, Agessandro Abrahao, Chinthaka C Heyn, Allison J Bethune, Yuexi Huang, Christopher B Pople, Isabelle Aubert, Clement Hamani, Lorne Zinman, Kullervo Hynynen, Sandra E Black, Nir Lipsman
It is currently unclear whether the glymphatic system, a brain-wide interstitial fluid-cerebrospinal fluid exchange described in rodents, exists in humans. Focal blood-brain barrier disruption using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound allows parenchymal penetration of gadobutrol contrast, creating an opportunity to study glymphatics in vivo noninvasively. We describe patterns of contrast distribution in the perivascular space, subarachnoid space, and space surrounding large veins draining toward the dural sinuses on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery in subjects with Alzheimer disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...
December 2019: Annals of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30274603/circadian-clocks-and-sleep-impact-of-rhythmic-metabolism-and-waste-clearance-on-the-brain
#5
REVIEW
Urs Albrecht, Jürgen A Ripperger
The rotation of the Earth around its axis causes periodic exposure of half of its surface to sunlight. This daily recurring event has been internalized in most organisms in the form of cellular circadian clock mechanisms. These cellular clocks are synchronized with each other in various ways to establish circadian networks that build the circadian program in tissues and organs, coordinating physiology and behavior in the entire organism. In the mammalian brain, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives light information via the retina and synchronizes its own neuronal clocks to the light signal...
October 2018: Trends in Neurosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26690495/ultra-fast-magnetic-resonance-encephalography-of-physiological-brain-activity-glymphatic-pulsation-mechanisms
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vesa Kiviniemi, Xindi Wang, Vesa Korhonen, Tuija Keinänen, Timo Tuovinen, Joonas Autio, Pierre LeVan, Shella Keilholz, Yu-Feng Zang, Jürgen Hennig, Maiken Nedergaard
The theory on the glymphatic convection mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid holds that cardiac pulsations in part pump cerebrospinal fluid from the peri-arterial spaces through the extracellular tissue into the peri-venous spaces facilitated by aquaporin water channels. Since cardiac pulses cannot be the sole mechanism of glymphatic propulsion, we searched for additional cerebrospinal fluid pulsations in the human brain with ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography. We detected three types of physiological mechanisms affecting cerebral cerebrospinal fluid pulsations: cardiac, respiratory, and very low frequency pulsations...
June 2016: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27481936/glymphatic-clearance-controls-state-dependent-changes-in-brain-lactate-concentration
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iben Lundgaard, Minh Lon Lu, Ezra Yang, Weiguo Peng, Humberto Mestre, Emi Hitomi, Rashid Deane, Maiken Nedergaard
Brain lactate concentration is higher during wakefulness than in sleep. However, it is unknown why arousal is linked to an increase in brain lactate and why lactate declines within minutes of sleep. Here, we show that the glymphatic system is responsible for state-dependent changes in brain lactate concentration. Suppression of glymphatic function via acetazolamide treatment, cisterna magna puncture, aquaporin 4 deletion, or changes in body position reduced the decline in brain lactate normally observed when awake mice transition into sleep or anesthesia...
June 2017: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25471560/impairment-of-glymphatic-pathway-function-promotes-tau-pathology-after-traumatic-brain-injury
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey J Iliff, Michael J Chen, Benjamin A Plog, Douglas M Zeppenfeld, Melissa Soltero, Lijun Yang, Itender Singh, Rashid Deane, Maiken Nedergaard
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an established risk factor for the early development of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, and the post-traumatic brain frequently exhibits neurofibrillary tangles comprised of aggregates of the protein tau. We have recently defined a brain-wide network of paravascular channels, termed the "glymphatic" pathway, along which CSF moves into and through the brain parenchyma, facilitating the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid-β, from the brain. Here we demonstrate in mice that extracellular tau is cleared from the brain along these paravascular pathways...
December 3, 2014: Journal of Neuroscience
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