collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37014023/apraxia-of-speech-with-phonological-alexia-and-agraphia-following-resection-of-the-left-middle-precentral-gyrus-illustrative-case
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deborah F Levy, Alexander B Silva, Terri L Scott, Jessie R Liu, Sarah Harper, Lingyun Zhao, Patrick W Hullett, Garret Kurteff, Stephen M Wilson, Matthew K Leonard, Edward F Chang
BACKGROUND: Apraxia of speech is a disorder of speech-motor planning in which articulation is effortful and error-prone despite normal strength of the articulators. Phonological alexia and agraphia are disorders of reading and writing disproportionately affecting unfamiliar words. These disorders are almost always accompanied by aphasia. OBSERVATIONS: A 36-year-old woman underwent resection of a grade IV astrocytoma based in the left middle precentral gyrus, including a cortical site associated with speech arrest during electrocortical stimulation mapping...
March 27, 2023: J Neurosurg Case Lessons
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35535828/focal-lesionectomy-as-surgical-treatment-of-epilepsy-in-patients-with-sturge-weber-syndrome-a-case-based-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicole Alexandra Frank, Ladina Greuter, Patricia Elsa Dill, Raphael Guzman, Jehuda Soleman
OBJECTIVE: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder presenting mostly with a facial port-wine stain and leptomeningeal angiomatosis. More than 85% of the patients are affected by epilepsy by the age of 2 years. Seizure and symptom control is the focus of SWS treatment, since no causal therapy exists yet. For pharmacologically intractable epilepsy, surgery is a treatment option. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an overview of the literature regarding lesionectomy in SWS with a focus on seizure outcome, complications, and motor and cognitive development...
May 2022: Neurosurgical Focus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34607926/hypothalamic-hamartomas-evolving-understanding-and-management
#3
REVIEW
Nathan T Cohen, J Helen Cross, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Samuel F Berkovic, John F Kerrigan, Ilene Penn Miller, Erica Webster, Lisa Soeby, Arthur Cukiert, Dale K Hesdorffer, Barbara L Kroner, Clifford B Saper, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, William D Gaillard
Hypothalamic hamartomas (HH) are rare, basilar developmental lesions with widespread comorbidities often associated with refractory epilepsy and encephalopathy. Imaging advances allow for early, even prenatal, detection. Genetic studies suggest mutations in GLI3 and other patterning genes are involved in HH pathogenesis. About 50%-80% of children with HH have severe rage and aggression and a majority of patients exhibit externalizing disorders. Behavioral disruption and intellectual disability may predate epilepsy...
November 2, 2021: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34670815/continuous-unilateral-eye-blinking-related-to-cerebellar-epilepsy-in-a-neonate
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bernardo Corrêa de Almeida Teixeira, Rafaela Grochoski, Carlos Alberto Mattozo, Gilliatt Hauer Queiroz Telles, Raul Martins Filho, Mara Lucia Schmitz Ferreira Santos
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 7, 2021: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34675097/bilateral-structural-network-abnormalities-in-epilepsy-associated-with-bottom-of-sulcus-dysplasia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Remika Mito, David N Vaughan, Mira Semmelroch, Alan Connelly, Graeme D Jackson
OBJECTIVE: To identify white matter fibre tracts that exhibit structural abnormality in patients with bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia (BOSD), and investigate their association with seizure activity. METHODS: Whole-brain fixel-based analysis of diffusion MRI data was performed to identify white matter fibre tracts with significant reductions in fibre density and cross-section in BOSD patients ( n = 20) when compared to healthy control participants ( n = 40). Results from whole-brain analysis were used as priors to investigate the association of fibre tract abnormality with seizure frequency and epilepsy duration...
October 21, 2021: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34799457/future-of-neurology-technology-stereo-electroencephalography-in-presurgical-epilepsy-evaluation
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillermo Delgado-Garcia, Birgit Frauscher
Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) is not only a sophisticated and highly technological investigation but a new and better way to conceptualize the spatial and temporal dynamics of epileptic activity. The first intracranial investigations with SEEG were carried out in France in the mid-twentieth century; however, its use in North America is much more recent. Given its significantly lower risk of complications and its ability to sample both superficial and deep structures as well as both hemispheres simultaneously, SEEG has become the preferred method to conduct intracranial EEG monitoring in most comprehensive epilepsy centers in North America...
November 19, 2021: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34873018/antiseizure-medication-withdrawal-in-seizure-free-patients-practice-advisory-update-summary-report-of-the-aan-guideline-subcommittee
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Gloss, Kimberly Pargeon, Alison Pack, Jay Varma, Jacqueline A French, Benjamin Tolchin, Dennis J Dlugos, Mohamad A Mikati, Cynthia Harden
OBJECTIVE: To update a 1996 American Academy of Neurology practice parameter. METHODS: The authors systematically reviewed literature published from January 1991 to March 2020. RESULTS: The long-term (24-60 months) risk of seizure recurrence is possibly higher among adults who have been seizure-free for 2 years and taper antiseizure medications (ASMs) vs those who do not taper ASMs (15% vs 7% per the 1 Class I article addressing this issue)...
December 7, 2021: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34893558/seizure-outcome-after-surgery-for-mri-diagnosed-focal-cortical-dysplasia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Willard, Ana Antonic-Baker, Zhibin Chen, Terence John O'Brien, Patrick Kwan, Piero Perucca
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) has been associated with poorer postsurgical seizure outcomes compared to other pathologies. FCD surgical series have been assembled on the basis of a histologic diagnosis, including patients with abnormal and normal preoperative MRI. However, in clinical workflow, patient selection for surgery is based on preoperative findings, including MRI. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine the rate and predictors of favorable seizure outcome after surgery for MRI-detected FCD...
January 18, 2022: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34554571/sulthiame-monotherapy-for-epilepsy
#9
REVIEW
Philip Milburn-McNulty, Mariangela Panebianco, Anthony G Marson
BACKGROUND: This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in 2014. Epilepsy is a common neurological condition characterised by recurrent seizures. Pharmacological treatment remains the first choice to control epilepsy. Sulthiame (STM) is widely used as an antiepileptic drug in Europe and Israel. In this review, we have presented a summary of evidence for the use of STM as monotherapy in epilepsy. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and side effect profile of STM as monotherapy when compared with placebo or another antiepileptic drug for people with epilepsy...
September 23, 2021: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35001164/neuroradiological-features-of-the-polymorphous-low-grade-neuroepithelial-tumor-of-the-young-five-new-cases-with-a-systematic-review-of-the-literature
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariko Kurokawa, Ryo Kurokawa, Aristides A Capizzano, Akira Baba, Yoshiaki Ota, Emile Pinarbasi, Timothy Johnson, Ashok Srinivasan, Toshio Moritani
PURPOSE: Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumors of the young (PLNTY) is a newly recognized brain tumor with genetic abnormalities frequently involving either BRAF or FGFR2/FGFR3. There are few publications available about the neuroradiological features of PLNTY. In this systematic review, we assessed the demographic, clinical, and neuroradiological features of PLNTY. METHODS: Literature data were extracted from database searches in MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases up to June 10, 2021...
January 10, 2022: Neuroradiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34009102/waveform-window-50-a-novel-presentation-of-deep-brain-stimulator-dbs-artifact-on-electroencephalogram-eeg-and-electrocardiogram-ecg
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mauricio F Villamar, Ana C Albuja
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2021: Neurodiagnostic Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34336438/spectrum-of-electroencephalography-findings-in-newly-diagnosed-epilepsy
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad A Khalily, Muhammad Akhtar, Shaila Ali, Shumaila Rafique, Tipu Sultan, Areeba Wasim
Background Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that presents with recurrent seizures associated with erratic brain activity which can be measured through EEG in addition to other neurological investigations. However, EEG may show abnormal patterns and waveforms while the patient is having a seizure which is crucial for making an accurate diagnosis. Objective This study aims to evaluate the spectrum of EEG findings in newly diagnosed epileptic patients as part of a neurological investigation. Material and methods This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Paediatric Neurology, the Children's Hospital, and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore for six months...
June 2021: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34697528/seizure-management-in-the-intensive-care-unit
#13
REVIEW
Jane G Boggs
PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW: This review presents current therapy for seizures in the intensive care unit. The reader is provided with recent evidence regarding the use of EEG in determining treatment for acute seizures. Proposed treatment approaches for seizures and status epilepticus are provided. Controversies and complexity of selecting treatments are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS: Critical Care EEG Monitoring Research Consortium analyzed the association of periodic and rhythmic electroencephalographic patterns with seizures and found that lateralized and generalized periodic discharges and lateralized rhythmic delta were associated with increased seizure risk...
2021: Current Treatment Options in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34401124/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-rasmussen-s-encephalitis-pose-a-big-challenge-two-case-reports-and-literature-review
#14
Ali Hammed, Maysaa Badour, Sameer Baqla, Fatema Amer
Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare disease of unknown etiology that causes severe chronic unihemispheric inflammatory disease of the central nervous system mainly in children. It leads to intractable seizures, cognitive decline and progressive neurological deficits in the affected hemisphere. We report two cases of RE, as defined by fulfillment of the 2005 Bien criteria. The diagnostic challenge of characterizing this rare disease will be highlighted by the extensive serum, CSF, MR imaging and EEG data in the two patients...
August 2021: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33242182/neuronal-ceroid-lipofuscinosis-potential-for-targeted-therapy
#15
REVIEW
Nicola Specchio, Alessandro Ferretti, Marina Trivisano, Nicola Pietrafusa, Chiara Pepi, Costanza Calabrese, Susanna Livadiotti, Alessandra Simonetti, Paolo Rossi, Paolo Curatolo, Federico Vigevano
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCLs) is a group of inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases that together represent the most common cause of dementia in children. Phenotypically, patients have visual impairment, cognitive and motor decline, epilepsy, and premature death. A primary challenge is to halt and/or reverse these diseases, towards which developments in potential effective therapies are encouraging. Many treatments, including enzyme replacement therapy (for CLN1 and CLN2 diseases), stem-cell therapy (for CLN1, CLN2, and CLN8 diseases), gene therapy vector (for CLN1, CLN2, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN7, CLN10, and CLN11 diseases), and pharmacological drugs (for CLN1, CLN2, CLN3, and CLN6 diseases) have been evaluated for safety and efficacy in pre-clinical and clinical studies...
January 2021: Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34124790/levetiracetam-as-the-first-line-treatment-for-neonatal-seizures-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert G Hooper, Viraraghavan Vadakkencherry Ramaswamy, Rachael M Wahid, Prakash Satodia, Adarsh Bhulani
AIM: To assess the effectiveness and safety of levetiracetam when used as first-line treatment of neonatal seizures. METHOD: Four electronic databases, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched from inception until 20th November 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that included neonates born preterm and term were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome measure was levetiracetam effectiveness, defined as seizure cessation within 24 hours of starting treatment...
November 2021: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26494436/sudden-unexpected-death-in-epilepsy-identifying-risk-and-preventing-mortality
#17
REVIEW
Samden Lhatoo, Jeffrey Noebels, Vicky Whittemore
Premature death among individuals with epilepsy is higher than in the general population, and sudden unexpected death is the most common cause of this mortality. A new multisite collaborative research consortium, the Center for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) Research (CSR), has received major funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to examine the possible biologic mechanisms underlying this potentially preventable comorbidity and develop predictive biomarkers for interventions that could lower SUDEP incidence...
November 2015: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33406372/pediatric-occipital-spikes-at-a-single-center-over-26-years-and-the-significance-of-tangential-dipole
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anita N Datta, Laura Wallbank, Johann Micallef, Peter K H Wong
BACKGROUND: Pediatric occipital epileptiform discharges occur in various clinical settings, including self-limited and treatment-resistant epilepsies. The study objective is to determine electro-clinical predictors for prognosis in children with occipital epileptiform discharges. METHODS: 205 patients with occipital epileptiform discharges were classified into seizure groups: self-limited occipital (SLO) (n = 57), including Panayiotopoulos and Gastaut syndrome; non-self-limited occipital (non-SLO) (n = 98), including various seizure etiologies; genetic-generalized (n = 18); febrile (n = 5); and no-seizure (n = 27) groups...
June 2021: Journal of Child Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33849993/vagus-nerve-stimulation-and-seizure-outcomes-in-pediatric-refractory-epilepsy-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#19
REVIEW
Puneet Jain, Ravindra Arya
OBJECTIVE: We synthesized evidence for effectiveness of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) as adjuvant therapy in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) by obtaining pooled estimates for seizure outcomes and analyzing their determinants. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched up to July 2019 for original research on VNS in pediatric (≤18 years of age) epilepsy. The primary outcome was 50% responder rate (50% RR), the proportion of patients with ≥50% seizure reduction, at the last reported follow-up...
May 31, 2021: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33893203/electrographic-seizures-and-outcome-in-critically-ill-children
#20
COMMENT
France W Fung, Zi Wang, Darshana S Parikh, Marin Jacobwitz, Lisa Vala, Maureen Donnelly, Alexis A Topjian, Rui Xiao, Nicholas S Abend
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between electroencephalographic seizure (ES) and electroencephalographic status epilepticus (ESE) exposure and unfavorable neurobehavioral outcomes in critically ill children with acute encephalopathy. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of acutely encephalopathic critically ill children undergoing continuous EEG monitoring (CEEG). ES exposure was assessed as (1) no ES/ESE, (2) ES, or (3) ESE. Outcomes assessed at discharge included the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Pediatric Version (GOS-E-Peds), Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC), and mortality...
May 31, 2021: Neurology
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