GBS

Guillain-Barré syndrome is the most common and most severe acute paralytic neuropathy, with about 100,000 people developing the disorder every year worldwide. Under the umbrella term of Guillain-Barré syndrome are several recognisable variants with distinct clinical and pathological features. The severe, generalised manifestation of Guillain-Barré syndrome with respiratory failure affects 20-30% of cases. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange is the optimal management approach, alongside supportive care...

The treatment of Guillain-Barre syndromé (GBS) was mainly symptomatic until the 1950s, followed by corticosteroid treatment in the 1950s through 1960s. Plasma exchange (PE) was then performed during 1970s through the 1980s, after which intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) was performed in 1990s through the 2000s. The effectiveness of IVIg and PE has been established by randomized controlled trial(RCT). Recently, new treatments using biological products have been explored. In this paper, we summarize the development of the treatment of GBS...

OBJECTIVES: To observe and compare the clinical curative effect of the plasma exchange (PE) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for Guillian-Barre Syndrome (GBS). METHODS: Overall, 64 adult patients with GBS for PE and IVIg treatment, respectively, and nerve function were observed pre-treatment and at 1 week/2 weeks after completion of treatment; the blood immunoglobulin, complement, fibrinogen (Fib) and monocyte percentage (MON%) were detected simultaneously...

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory failure is a life threatening complication of Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS). There is no consensus on the specific treatment for this subset of children with GBS. METHODS: This was a prospective randomized study to compare the outcome of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PE) treatment in children with GBS requiring mechanical ventilation. Forty-one children with GBS requiring endotracheal mechanical ventilation (MV) within 14 days from disease onset were included...

INTRODUCTION: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis and, despite treatment, there continues to be an associated mortality and severe disability ranging from 9 to 17%. This article reviews the rationale behind the existing immunotherapy in GBS and discusses the future direction that work in this area should follow. AREAS COVERED: The pathogenesis of GBS and the current evidence for the different forms of immunotherapy in GBS are reviewed...

INTRODUCTION: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasma exchange are proven effective treatments for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). However, this treatment is insufficient for many patients as 1 - 5% die, 25% need artificial respiration, 20% are still unable to walk unaided after 6 months and 85% have residual symptoms, such as fatigue and pain. AREAS COVERED: Strategies to design and conduct trials with new compounds and individualized regimens of IVIg are discussed...

Response to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was evaluated in patients diagnosed with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Our aim was to assess response to TPE in patients who had failed treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIg). We conducted a retrospective chart review of 10 patients with the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome who required TPE. Patients were identified by reviewing data from log books for TPE at The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA. Patients who had failed IVIg treatment prior to being referred for TPE were also identified...

OBJECTIVE: Although mechanical ventilation is required in 30% of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, early predictors of this treatment remain unknown. DESIGN: Analysis of two cohorts of patients enrolled in two multicenter randomized clinical trials. SETTING: French intensive care and neurologic units. MEASUREMENTS: Demographic, neurologic, and biologic data; vital capacity; and time of onset, admission, and endotracheal mechanical ventilation were collected...

BACKGROUND: The relative efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for the treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome has not been established. We compared PE with IVIg, and with a combined regimen of PE followed by IVIg, in an international, multicentre, randomised trial of 383 adult patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. METHODS: The patients were randomly assigned PE (five 50 mL/kg exchanges over 8-13 days), IVIg (Sandoglobulin, 0...