Inversion injuries

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of stress tests (anterior drawer, talar tilt) in the diagnosis of lateral ligament injuries.Design. Stress tests were performed in vitro, and rotation and displacement of the calcaneus relative to the tibia were measured. BACKGROUND: Stress tests are commonly used to diagnose ankle injuries. However, it is controversial as to whether stress tests can accurately differentiate between isolated anterior talofibular ligament injuries and combined anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament injuries...

This paper summarizes the current understanding on acute ankle sprain injury, which is the most common acute sport trauma, accounting for about 14% of all sport-related injuries. Among, 80% are ligamentous sprains caused by explosive inversion or supination. The injury motion often happens at the subtalar joint and tears the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) which possesses the lowest ultimate load among the lateral ligaments at the ankle. For extrinsic risk factors to ankle sprain injury, prescribing orthosis decreases the risk while increased exercise intensity in soccer raises the risk...

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Peroneal tendon disorders are rare, are frequently missed, and can be a source of lateral ankle pain. Magnetic resonance imaging is the standard method of radiographic evaluation of peroneal tendon disorders; however, diagnosis and treatment are based primarily on the history and physical examination. Peroneal tenosynovitis typically responds to conservative therapy, and operative treatment is reserved for refractory cases. Operative treatment is frequently required for peroneal tendon subluxation and consists of anatomic repair or reconstruction of the superior peroneal retinaculum with or without deepening of the retromalleolar groove...