collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38045343/thyroid-hyperplasia-and-neoplasm-adverse-events-associated-with-glp-1-receptor-agonists-in-fda-adverse-event-reporting-system
#1
Tigran Makunts, Haroutyun Joulfayan, Ruben Abagyan
Glucagon receptor-like peptide receptor agonists, GLP-1 RAs, are one of the most commonly used drugs for type-2 diabetes mellitus. The clinical guidelines recommend GLP-1 RAs as adjunct to diabetes therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease, presence or risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, obesity, and other cardiometabolic conditions. The weight loss seen in clinical trials has been explored further in healthy individuals, putting GLP-1 RAs on track to be the next weight loss treatment. Although the adverse event profile is relatively safe, most GLP-1 RAs come with a labeled black boxed warning of the risk of thyroid cancers, based on animal models and some postmarketing case reports in humans...
November 24, 2023: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37625003/diabetic-nephropathy-update-on-pillars-of-therapy-slowing-progression
#2
REVIEW
Sandra C Naaman, George L Bakris
Management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has evolved in parallel with our growing understanding of the multiple interrelated pathophysiological mechanisms that involve hemodynamic, metabolic, and inflammatory pathways. These pathways and others play a vital role in the initiation and progression of DKD. Since its initial discovery, the blockade of the renin-angiotensin system has remained a cornerstone of DKD management, leaving a large component of residual risk to be dealt with. The advent of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors followed by nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and, to some extent, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) has ushered in a resounding paradigm shift that supports a pillared approach in maximizing treatment to reduce outcomes...
September 1, 2023: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36151309/management-of-hyperglycaemia-in-type-2-diabetes-2022-a-consensus-report-by-the-american-diabetes-association-ada-and-the-european-association-for-the-study-of-diabetes-easd
#3
REVIEW
Melanie J Davies, Vanita R Aroda, Billy S Collins, Robert A Gabbay, Jennifer Green, Nisa M Maruthur, Sylvia E Rosas, Stefano Del Prato, Chantal Mathieu, Geltrude Mingrone, Peter Rossing, Tsvetalina Tankova, Apostolos Tsapas, John B Buse
The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes convened a panel to update the previous consensus statements on the management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes in adults, published since 2006 and last updated in 2019. The target audience is the full spectrum of the professional healthcare team providing diabetes care in the USA and Europe. A systematic examination of publications since 2018 informed new recommendations. These include additional focus on social determinants of health, the healthcare system and physical activity behaviours including sleep...
December 2022: Diabetologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36077491/incretins-as-a-potential-treatment-option-for-gestational-diabetes-mellitus
#4
REVIEW
Aleksandra Pilszyk, Magdalena Niebrzydowska, Zuzanna Pilszyk, Magdalena Wierzchowska-Opoka, Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disease affecting an increasing number of pregnant women around the world. It is not only associated with numerous perinatal complications but also has long-term consequences impacting maternal health and fetal development. To prevent them, it is important to keep glucose levels under control. As much as 15-30% of GDM patients will require treatment with insulin, metformin, or glyburide. With that in mind, it is crucial to keep searching for novel and improved pharmacotherapies...
September 3, 2022: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35299971/recent-advances-in-incretin-based-pharmacotherapies-for-the-treatment-of-obesity-and-diabetes
#5
REVIEW
Qiming Tan, Seun E Akindehin, Camila E Orsso, Richelle C Waldner, Richard D DiMarchi, Timo D Müller, Andrea M Haqq
The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has received enormous attention during the past three decades as a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Continuous improvement of the pharmacokinetic profile of GLP-1R agonists, starting from native hormone with a half-life of ~2-3 min to the development of twice daily, daily and even once-weekly drugs highlight the pharmaceutical evolution of GLP-1-based medicines. In contrast to GLP-1, the incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) received little attention as a pharmacological target, because of conflicting observations that argue activation or inhibition of the GIP receptor (GIPR) provides beneficial effects on systemic metabolism...
2022: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34964887/12-retinopathy-neuropathy-and-foot-care-standards-of-medical-care-in-diabetes-2022
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi...
January 1, 2022: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34016612/effects-of-cotadutide-on-metabolic-and-hepatic-parameters-in-adults-with-overweight-or-obesity-and-type-2-diabetes-a-54-week-randomized-phase-2b-study
#7
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Rajaa Nahra, Tao Wang, Kishore M Gadde, Jan Oscarsson, Michael Stumvoll, Lutz Jermutus, Boaz Hirshberg, Philip Ambery
OBJECTIVE: Cotadutide, a dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, is under development for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes. The effects of cotadutide on hepatic and metabolic parameters were evaluated in participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this phase 2b study, 834 adults with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin (glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c ] of 7...
June 2021: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34155035/weekly-insulin-becoming-a-reality
#8
COMMENT
Jay S Skyler
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2021: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32396624/the-evolution-of-insulin-and-how-it-informs-therapy-and-treatment-choices
#9
REVIEW
Irl B Hirsch, Rattan Juneja, John M Beals, Caryl J Antalis, Eugene E Wright
Insulin has been available for the treatment of diabetes for almost a century, and the variety of insulin choices today represents many years of discovery and innovation. Insulin has gone from poorly defined extracts of animal pancreata to pure and precisely controlled formulations that can be prescribed and administered with high accuracy and predictability of action. Modifications of the insulin formulation and of the insulin molecule itself have made it possible to approximate the natural endogenous insulin response...
October 1, 2020: Endocrine Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33755854/current-treatment-options-and-challenges-in-patients-with-type-1-diabetes-pharmacological-technical-advances-and-future-perspectives
#10
REVIEW
Federico Boscari, Angelo Avogaro
Type 1 diabetes mellitus imposes a significant burden of complications and mortality, despite important advances in treatment: subjects affected by this disease have also a worse quality of life-related to disease management. To overcome these challenges, different new approaches have been proposed, such as new insulin formulations or innovative devices. The introduction of insulin pumps allows a more physiological insulin administration with a reduction of HbA1c level and hypoglycemic risk. New continuous glucose monitoring systems with better accuracy have allowed, not only better glucose control, but also the improvement of the quality of life...
June 2021: Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32467106/advances-in-the-management-of-diabetes-therapies-for-type-2-diabetes
#11
REVIEW
Jovanna Tsoutsouki, Wunna Wunna, Aisha Chowdhury, Tahseen Ahmad Chowdhury
The incidence of type 2 diabetes is rapidly rising worldwide leading to an increasing burden of cardiovascular and microvascular complications. The aim of treatment of the condition is to improve quality of life and reduce such complications. To this end, improvement in glucose control remains an important consideration. In recent years, important therapeutic advances have occurred in the management of hyperglycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes. These include the use of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitors...
October 2020: Postgraduate Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32653403/executive-summary-of-the-2020-kdigo-diabetes-management-in-ckd-guideline-evidence-based-advances-in-monitoring-and-treatment
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian H de Boer, M Luiza Caramori, Juliana C N Chan, Hiddo J L Heerspink, Clint Hurst, Kamlesh Khunti, Adrian Liew, Erin D Michos, Sankar D Navaneethan, Wasiu A Olowu, Tami Sadusky, Nikhil Tandon, Katherine R Tuttle, Christoph Wanner, Katy G Wilkens, Sophia Zoungas, Lyubov Lytvyn, Jonathan C Craig, David J Tunnicliffe, Martin Howell, Marcello Tonelli, Michael Cheung, Amy Earley, Peter Rossing
Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease represents the first KDIGO guideline on this subject. The guideline comes at a time when advances in diabetes technology and therapeutics offer new options to manage the large population of patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at high risk of poor health outcomes. An enlarging base of high-quality evidence from randomized clinical trials is available to evaluate important new treatments offering organ protection, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists...
October 2020: Kidney International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32488607/acute-metabolic-emergencies-in-diabetes-dka-hhs-and-edka
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Muneer, Ijaz Akbar
Emergency admissions due to acute metabolic crisis in patients with diabetes remain some of the most common and challenging conditions. DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis), HHS (Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar State) and recently focused EDKA (Euglycaemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis) are life-threatening different entities. DKA and HHS have distinctly different pathophysiology but basic management protocols are the same. EDKA is just like DKA but without hyperglycaemia. T1D, particularly children are vulnerable to DKA and T2D, particularly elderly with comorbidities are vulnerable to HHS...
2021: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31068410/initiation-and-titration-of-basal-insulin-in-primary-care-barriers-and-practical-solutions
#14
REVIEW
Leigh Perreault, Lauren Vincent, Joshua J Neumiller, Tricia Santos-Cavaiola
Basal insulin therapy is a critical part of effective type 2 diabetes (T2D) management for many patients, yet its initiation and titration are often delayed or avoided. Aversion to basal insulin therapy contributes to unnecessary hyperglycemia and poorer outcomes for patients. Primary care physicians often make decisions regarding the initiation of basal insulin in T2D, as they work closely with patients and are well placed to discuss and manage the transition to basal insulin therapy. However, many primary care clinicians hesitate to initiate basal insulin due to concerns regarding time or effort needed to educate patients, doubts about patient acceptance or ability to manage titration or injection, or patient fears of hypoglycemia...
2019: Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: JABFM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31000505/nutrition-therapy-for-adults-with-diabetes-or-prediabetes-a-consensus-report
#15
REVIEW
Alison B Evert, Michelle Dennison, Christopher D Gardner, W Timothy Garvey, Ka Hei Karen Lau, Janice MacLeod, Joanna Mitri, Raquel F Pereira, Kelly Rawlings, Shamera Robinson, Laura Saslow, Sacha Uelmen, Patricia B Urbanski, William S Yancy
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2019: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31504226/optimal-management-of-gestational-diabetes
#16
REVIEW
Aoife M Egan, Fidelma P Dunne
BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is highly prevalent and has both short- and long-term implications for mother and infant. SOURCES OF DATA: Literature search using PubMed with keywords 'Gestational diabetes' and 'diabetes in pregnancy' together with published papers known to the authors. AREAS OF AGREEMENT: The cornerstone of management is medical nutrition therapy with regular self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose levels and intensification of therapy if glycaemic goals are not achieved...
September 19, 2019: British Medical Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31318152/review-of-glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-for-the-treatment-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-in-patients-with-chronic-kidney-disease-and-their-renal-effects
#17
REVIEW
Lance A Sloan
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and when it causes CKD it is collectively referred to as diabetic kidney disease. One of the newer therapies for managing hyperglycemia is the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) drug class. This review summarizes the effects of GLP-1RAs in patients with T2DM with CKD and evidence for renoprotection with GLP-1RAs using data from observational studies, prospective clinical trials, post hoc analyses, and meta-analyses...
December 2019: Journal of Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31286271/second-line-glucose-lowering-therapy-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#18
REVIEW
Jung-Im Shin
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is consensus that metformin should be the first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes. Although new evidence on effective treatments for type 2 diabetes is rapidly evolving, there is uncertainty regarding the optimal choice of second-line therapy. Our aim was to review the current major guidelines for second-line therapy in type 2 diabetes, along with findings from the recent cardiovascular outcome trials, focusing on two particularly promising classes of glucose-lowering drugs, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1 RAs)...
July 8, 2019: Current Diabetes Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30903688/treatment-of-diabetes-in-older-adults-an-endocrine-society-clinical-practice-guideline
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Derek LeRoith, Geert Jan Biessels, Susan S Braithwaite, Felipe F Casanueva, Boris Draznin, Jeffrey B Halter, Irl B Hirsch, Marie E McDonnell, Mark E Molitch, M Hassan Murad, Alan J Sinclair
OBJECTIVE: The objective is to formulate clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of diabetes in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes, particularly type 2, is becoming more prevalent in the general population, especially in individuals over the age of 65 years. The underlying pathophysiology of the disease in these patients is exacerbated by the direct effects of aging on metabolic regulation. Similarly, aging effects interact with diabetes to accelerate the progression of many common diabetes complications...
May 1, 2019: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30288571/management-of-hyperglycaemia-in-type-2-diabetes-2018-a-consensus-report-by-the-american-diabetes-association-ada-and-the-european-association-for-the-study-of-diabetes-easd
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melanie J Davies, David A D'Alessio, Judith Fradkin, Walter N Kernan, Chantal Mathieu, Geltrude Mingrone, Peter Rossing, Apostolos Tsapas, Deborah J Wexler, John B Buse
The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes convened a panel to update the prior position statements, published in 2012 and 2015, on the management of type 2 diabetes in adults. A systematic evaluation of the literature since 2014 informed new recommendations. These include additional focus on lifestyle management and diabetes self-management education and support. For those with obesity, efforts targeting weight loss, including lifestyle, medication and surgical interventions, are recommended...
December 2018: Diabetologia
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