Simone L Vernez, Zhamshid Okhunov, Jamie Wikenheiser, Cyrus Khoyilar, Rahul Dutta, Kathryn Osann, Kamaljot Kaler, Thomas K Lee, Ralph V Clayman, Jaime Landman
PURPOSE: We sought to characterize and 3-dimensionally reconstruct the distribution of the autonomic innervation of the human ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three male and 3 female pairs of ureters were evaluated at 2 mm serial transverse sections along the entire length of the ureter. The location of nerve tissue was immunohistochemically identified using the neuronal marker, S100 protein. ImageJ software was used to calculate nerve count and density in the adventitia and smooth muscle...
March 2017: Journal of Urology